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| Home > Publications database > First in vitro measurement of VHEE relative biological effectiveness (RBE) in lung and prostate cancer cells using the ARES linac at DESY |
| Journal Article | PUBDB-2024-01803 |
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2024
Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
[London]
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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1038/s41598-024-60585-7 doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2024-01803
Abstract: Very high energy electrons (VHEE) are a potential candidate for radiotherapy applications. Thisincludes tumours in inhomogeneous regions such as lung and prostate cancers, due to the insensitivityof VHEE to inhomogeneities. This study explores how electrons in the VHEE range can be used toperform successful in vitro radiobiological studies. The ARES (accelerator research experiment atSINBAD) facility at DESY, Hamburg, Germany was used to deliver 154 MeV electrons to both prostate(PC3) and lung (A549) cancer cells in suspension. Dose was delivered to samples with repeatability anduniformity, quantified with Gafchromic film. Cell survival in response to VHEE was measured using theclonogenic assay to determine the biological effectiveness of VHEE in cancer cells for the first timeusing this method. Equivalent experiments were performed using 300 kVp X-rays, to enable VHEEirradiated cells to be compared with conventional photons. VHEE irradiated cancer cell survival wasfitted to the linear quadratic (LQ) model (R2 = 0.96–0.97). The damage from VHEE and X-ray irradiatedcells at doses between 1.41 and 6.33 Gy are comparable, suggesting similar relative biologicaleffectiveness (RBE) between the two modalities. This suggests VHEE is as damaging as photonradiotherapy and therefore could be used to successfully damage cancer cells during radiotherapy. TheRBE of VHEE was quantified as the relative doses required for 50% (D0.5) and 10% (D0.1) cell survival.Using these values, VHEE RBE was measured as 0.93 (D0.5) and 0.99 (D0.1) for A549 and 0.74 (D0.5)and 0.93 (D0.1) for PC3 cell lines respectively. For the first time, this study has shown that 154 MeVelectrons can be used to effectively kill lung and prostate cancer cells, suggesting that VHEE would bea viable radiotherapy modality. Several studies have shown that VHEE has characteristics that wouldoffer significant improvements over conventional photon radiotherapy for example, electrons arerelatively easy to steer and can be used to deliver dose rapidly and with high efficiency. Studies haveshown improved dose distribution with VHEE in treatment plans, in comparison to VMAT, indicatingthat VHEE can offer improved and safer treatment plans with reduced side effects. The biologicalresponse of cancer cells to VHEE has not been sufficiently studied as of yet, however this initialstudy provides some initial insights into cell damage. VHEE offers significant benefits over photonradiotherapy and therefore more studies are required to fully understand the biological effectivenessof VHEE.
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