OpenAccess

Ultrashort XUV pulses of the Free-Electron-LASer in Hamburg (FLASH) were used to investigate laser-induced fragmentation patterns of the prototypical chiral molecule 1-iodo-2-methyl-butane (C$_5$H$_{11}$I) in a pump-probe scheme. Ion velocity-map images and mass spectra of optical-laser-induced fragmentation were obtained for subsequent FEL exposure with photon energies of 63 eV and 75 eV. [...]

Actin-based motility is required for the transmission of malaria sporozoites. While this has been shown biochemically, filamentous actin has remained elusive and has not been directly visualised inside the parasite [...]

Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 at the end of 2019, the virus has caused significant global health and economic disruptions. Despite the rapid development of antiviral vaccines and some approved treatments such as remdesivir and paxlovid, effective antiviral pharmacological treatments for COVID-19 patients remain limited [...]

The Crab system, composed of a bright pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by the young energetic central pulsar \crabpulsar, has been observed across the electromagnetic spectrum for decades of investigation. Its emission in the gamma-ray band has challenged our understanding of the radiation and particle acceleration processes at play for such systems. [...]

The Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) Parton Branching (PB) method is a Monte Carlo (MC) approach to obtain QCD high energy collider predictions grounded in ideas originating from the TMD factorization. It provides an evolution equation for the TMD parton distribution functions (TMDs) and a framework to use those within TMD MC generators.This work focuses on the structure of the PB Sudakov form factor. [...]

We present NNLOCAL, a proof-of-concept parton-level Monte Carlo program implementing the extension of the completely local subtraction scheme CoLoRFulNNLO to the case of color-singlet production in hadron collisions. We have built general local subtraction terms that regularize all single and double unresolved infrared singularities in real radiation phase space. [...]

We present a determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ from the decay $B\to D\ellν_\ell$ using a $365~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$$e^+e^-\toΥ(4S)\to B\bar B$ data sample recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. The semileptonic decay of one $B$ meson is reconstructed in the modes $B^0\to D^-(\to K^+π^-π^-)\ell^+ν_\ell$ and $B^+\to \bar D^0(\to K^+π^-)\ell^+ν_\ell$, where $\ell$ denotes either an electron or a muon. [...]

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, delivering proton–proton collisions at much higher energies and far higher luminosities than previous machines, has enabled a comprehensive programme of measurements of the standard model (SM) processes by the CMS experiment. These unprecedented capabilities facilitate precise measurements of the properties of a wide array of processes, the most fundamental being cross sections. [...]

In situ nuclear forward scattering shows a thermally induced cation exchange between a 57 Fe3 ⁢O4 thin-film and a Fe3⁢ O4 (001) substrate predominantly in the octahedral sublattice for a temperature range between 470 and 710 K. The overall activation barrier in this temperature range is found to be 19±32  kJ/mol, which is significantly lower than expected from extrapolating a bulk diffusion model. [...]

Collective oscillations in dense neutrino gases (flavor waves) are notable for their instabilities that cause fast flavor conversion. We develop a quantum theory of interacting neutrinos and flavor wave quanta, which are analogous to plasmons, but also carry flavor. [...]