Journal Article

Energy-energy correlators are constructed by averaging the number of charged particle pairs within jets, weighted by the product of their transverse momenta, as a function of the angular separation of the particles within a pair. They are sensitive to a multitude of perturbative and nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics phenomena in high-energy particle collisions. [...]

Amino acids and other small chiral molecules play key roles in biochemistry. However, in order to understand how these molecules behave in vivo, it is necessary to study them under aqueous-phase conditions. [...]

We review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics program, using event samples collected in 2010–2018 with several collision systems and energies. These studies provide detailed macroscopic and microscopic probes of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created at the LHC energies, a medium characterized by the highest temperature and smallest baryon-chemical potential ever reached in the laboratory. [...]

A search is presented for fractionally charged particles with charges below 1$e$, using their small energy loss in the tracking detector as a key variable to observe a signal. The analyzed dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions collected at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV in 2016–2018 at the CERN LHC. [...]

We study the defect CFT associated with the half-BPS Wilson line in $ \mathcal{N} $ = 4 Super Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions. Using a perturbative bootstrap approach, we derive new analytical results for multipoint correlators of protected defect operators at large N and weak coupling. [...]

The structural response to high pressures as well as to high temperatures of (1−𝑥)⁢PbTiO$_3$−𝑥⁢Bi⁡(Zn$_{0.5}$⁢Ti$_{0.5}$⁢)⁢O$_3$ with 𝑥=0.08, (1−𝑥)⁢PbTiO$_3$−𝑥⁢Bi⁡(Mg$_{0.5}$⁢Ti$_{0.5}$)⁢O$_3$ with 𝑥=0.17, and PbTiO$_3$ single crystals was studied by in situ pressure-/temperature-dependent polarized Raman spectroscopy, complemented by synchrotron x-ray diffraction analysis at ambient pressure and different temperatures. The compositional and pressure dependencies of phonon anomalies indicate the existence of local-scale antiferrodistortive structural entities inside the perovskite (ABO$_3$) polar tetragonal matrix, the fraction of which is enhanced by the substitution of Bi⁢𝑀⁢𝑒⁢O$_3$ for PbTiO$_3$. [...]

The consequences of broken long-range atomic arrangement in glasses or amorphous solids are reflected in the temperature dependence of lattice thermal conductivity (κ$_{lat}$). However, the appearance of glassy ultralow κ$_{lat}$ in a crystalline solid with high electrical transport like metal is unusual but can have a remarkable impact on the thermoelectric performance of a material. [...]

The high-luminosity phase of LHC operations (HL-LHC), willfeature a large increase in simultaneous proton-proton interactionsper bunch crossing up to 200, compared with a typical levelingtarget of 64 in Run 3. Such an increase will create a verychallenging environment in which to perform charged particletrajectory reconstruction, a task crucial for the success of theATLAS physics program, and will exceed the capabilities of thecurrent ATLAS Inner Detector (ID). [...]

The austenite to ferrite transformation during high-temperature deformation, called dynamic transformation,was investigated by means of in-situ high energy x-ray diffraction experiments for a Fe-0.1C-6Ni (wt%) modelalloy. Hot compression tests ranging from the paraequilibrium (Ap3 = 675 ◦C) to the orthoequilibrium (Ae3 =729 ◦C) temperatures, with 50 % reduction in length and strain rates of 0.14 s$^{-1}$, 1.4 s$^{-1}$, and 14 s$^{-1}$, revealed thatthe dynamic transformation was only possible at the lowest strain rate for temperatures up to 700 ◦C. [...]