Journal Article PUBDB-2025-04808

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Visualizing the Three-Dimensional Arrangement of Hydrogen Atoms in Organic Molecules by Coulomb Explosion Imaging

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2025
ACS Publications Washington, DC

Journal of the American Chemical Society 147(41), 37133 - 37143 () [10.1021/jacs.5c08730]
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Abstract: Structure-sensitive methods based on femtosecond light or electron pulses are now making it possible to measure how molecular structures change during light-induced processes. Despite significant progress, high-fidelity imaging of nuclear positions remains a challenge even for relatively small molecular systems and, notably, regarding the positions of hydrogen atoms. As demonstrated in recent work, X-ray-induced Coulomb explosion imaging (CEI) may overcome this obstacle, as its sensitivity does not depend on the mass of the imaged atoms. The photoinduced ring opening of the heterocyclic molecule 2(5H)-thiophenone has attracted recent interest. Here, we show that CEI offers a powerful route to imaging the peripheral H atoms in this molecule and thus, more generally, to tracking detailed nuclear motions (e.g., isomerizations) in organic molecules on ultrafast time scales. Specifically, we record momentum-space Coulomb explosion images that report on the three-dimensional positioning of all nuclei within the molecule, for instance, distinguishing H atoms in C–H bonds that lie within or are directed out of the plane defined by the heavy atoms. The prospect of imaging peripheral H atoms to probe photochemical dynamics is explored by coupling ab initio molecular dynamics with classical Coulomb explosion simulations, thereby differentiating potential photoproduct isomers, including those whose structures primarily differ in the position of the hydrogens.

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Contributing Institute(s):
  1. FLASH Wissenschaftlicher Nutzerbetrieb (FS-FLASH-O)
  2. PETRA-S (FS-PETRA-S)
  3. The European XFEL Users (XFEL-User)
  4. SQS (XFEL_E2_SQS)
  5. Francesca Calegari (FS-CFEL-2) (CFEL-ATTO)
Research Program(s):
  1. 631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control (POF4-631) (POF4-631)
  2. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)509471550 - Dynamik photoionisations-induzierter Prozesse in laser-präparierten Molekülen in der Gasphase und der wässrigen Phase (509471550) (509471550)
  3. SINDAM - Sunlight-Induced Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Atmospheric Molecules (803718) (803718)
Experiment(s):
  1. SQS: Small Quantum Systems (SASE3)

Appears in the scientific report 2025
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 Record created 2025-11-11, last modified 2026-02-11


Published on 2025-10-01. Available in OpenAccess from 2026-10-01.:
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