Journal Article

PUBDB-2024-07395

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Q-balls in the presence of attractive force

Hamada, Y.DESY* ; Kawana, K. ; Kim, T. (Corresponding author)Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Lu, P.

2024
SISSA [Trieste]

This record in other databases:      

Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1007/JHEP08(2024)242  doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2024-07395

Report No.: DESY-24-102; arXiv:2407.11115

Abstract: Q-balls are non-topological solitons in field theories whose stability is typically guaranteed by the existence of a global conserved charge. A classic realization is the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin (FLS) Q-ball in a two-scalar system where a real scalar $\chi$ triggers the symmetry breaking and confining a complex scalar $\Phi$ with a global $U(1)$ symmetry. A quartic interaction $\kappa \chi^2|\Phi|^2$ with $\kappa>0$ is usually considered to produce a nontrivial Q-ball configuration, and this repulsive force contributes to its stability. On the other hand, the attractive cubic interaction $\Lambda \chi |\Phi|^2$ is generally allowed in a renormalizable theory and could induce an instability. In this paper, we study the behavior of the Q-ball under the influence of this attractive force which has been overlooked. We find approximate Q-ball solutions in the limit of weak and moderate force couplings using the thin-wall and thick-wall approximations respectively. Our analytical results are consistent with numerical simulations and predict the parameter dependencies of the maximum charge. A crucial difference with the ordinary FLS Q-ball is the existence of the maximum charge beyond which the Q-ball solution is classically unstable. Such a limitation of the charge fundamentally affects Q-ball formation in the early Universe and could plausibly lead to the formation of primordial black holes.

Note: 29 pages, 6 figures

---

Contributing Institute(s):

1. Theorie-Gruppe (T)

Research Program(s):

1. 611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) (POF4-611)
2. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)390833306 - EXC 2121: Quantum Universe (390833306) (390833306)

Experiment(s):

1. No specific instrument

Appears in the scientific report 2024

---

Database coverage:
; ; ; ; ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; DOAJ Seal ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 5 ; JCR ; National-Konsortium ; SCOAP3 sponsored Journal ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

---

---

Linked articles:

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Preprint Hamada, Y. (Corresponding author)Extern*DESY* ; Kawana, K. ; Kim, T.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Lu, P.
Q-Balls in the Presence of Attractive Force
(2024) [10.3204/PUBDB-2024-05024]2024     Files  Fulltext by arXiv.org BibTeX | EndNote: XML, Text | RIS

---