Journal Article PUBDB-2024-05368

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Phase transition kinetics of superionic $H_2O$ ice phases revealed by MHz XFEL heating experiments

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2024
Nature Publishing Group UK [London]

Nature Communications 15(1), 8256 () [10.1038/s41467-024-52505-0]
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Abstract: H2O transforms to two forms of superionic (SI) ice at high pressures and temperatures, which contain highly mobile protons within a solid oxygen sublattice. Yet the stability field of both phases remains debated. Here, we present the results of an ultrafast X-ray heating study utilizing MHz pulse trains produced by the European X-ray Free Electron Laser to create high temperature states of H2O, which were probed using X-ray diffraction during dynamic cooling. We confirm an isostructural transition during heating in the 26-69 GPa range, consistent with the formation of SI-bcc. In contrast to prior work, SI-fcc was observed exclusively above ~50 GPa, despite evidence of melting at lower pressures. The absence of SI-fcc in these runs is attributed to short heating timescales and the pressure-temperature path induced by the pump-probe heating scheme in which H2O was heated above its melting temperature before the observation of quenched crystalline states, based on the earlier theoretical prediction that SI-bcc nucleates more readily from the fluid than SI-fcc. Our results may have implications for the stability of SI phases in ice-rich planets, for example during dynamic freezing, where the preferential crystallization of SI-bcc may result in distinct physical properties across mantle ice layers.

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Note: We acknowledge support from the Deutsche For-schungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Research Unit FOR 2440 grants SA2585/5-1 (R.J.H, A.M., C.S.V., and H.P.L) and AP262/2-2 (K.A.).

Contributing Institute(s):
  1. FS-PS Fachgruppe HIBEF (FS-HIBEF)
  2. The European XFEL Users (XFEL-User)
  3. HED (XFEL_E1_HED)
  4. FS-Detektor Systeme (FS-DS)
  5. DOOR-User (DOOR ; HAS-User)
  6. Experimentebetreuung PETRA III (FS-PET-D)
Research Program(s):
  1. 631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control (POF4-631) (POF4-631)
  2. 6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) (POF4-6G3)
  3. DFG project 280637173 - FOR 2440: Materie im Inneren von Planeten - Hochdruck-, Planeten- und Plasmaphysik (280637173) (280637173)
Experiment(s):
  1. HED: High-Density matter Experiments (SASE2)
  2. PETRA Beamline P02.2 (PETRA III)

Appears in the scientific report 2024
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Private Collections > >DESY > >FS > FS-PET-D
Private Collections > >DESY > >FS > FS-DS
Private Collections > >XFEL.EU > XFEL_E1_HED
Private Collections > >XFEL.EU > XFEL-User
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 Record created 2024-07-29, last modified 2025-08-04