Journal Article PUBDB-2024-01305

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First Measurement of the $ν_e$ and $ν_μ$ Interaction Cross Sections at the LHC with FASER's Emulsion Detector

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2024
APS College Park, Md.

Physical review letters 133(2), 021802 () [10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.021802]
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Report No.: DESY-24-046; arXiv:2403.12520

Abstract: This paper presents the first results of the study of high-energy electron and muon neutrino charged-current interactions in the FASER$ν$ emulsion/tungsten detector of the FASER experiment at the LHC. A subset of the FASER$ν$ volume, which corresponds to a target mass of 128.6~kg, was exposed to neutrinos from the LHC $pp$ collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of 13.6~TeV and an integrated luminosity of 9.5 fb$^{-1}$. Applying stringent selections requiring electrons with reconstructed energy above 200~GeV, four electron neutrino interaction candidate events are observed with an expected background of $0.025^{+0.015}_{-0.010}$, leading to a statistical significance of 5.2$σ$. This is the first direct observation of electron neutrino interactions at a particle collider. Eight muon neutrino interaction candidate events are also detected, with an expected background of $0.22^{+0.09}_{-0.07}$, leading to a statistical significance of 5.7$σ$. The signal events include neutrinos with energies in the TeV range, the highest-energy electron and muon neutrinos ever detected from an artificial source. The energy-independent part of the interaction cross section per nucleon is measured over an energy range of 560--1740 GeV (520--1760 GeV) for $ν_e$ ($ν_μ$) to be $(1.2_{-0.7}^{+0.8}) \times 10^{-38}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$ ($(0.5\pm0.2) \times 10^{-38}~\mathrm{cm}^{2}\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$), consistent with Standard Model predictions. These are the first measurements of neutrino interaction cross sections in those energy ranges.

Keyword(s): p p: colliding beams ; neutrino: interaction ; p p: scattering ; target: mass ; neutrino/e: particle identification ; neutrino/mu: particle identification ; CERN LHC Coll ; statistical analysis ; background ; nucleon ; charged current ; tungsten: target ; neutrino: detector ; channel cross section: measured ; experimental results ; 13600 GeV-cms

Classification:

Note: to be submitted to journal

Contributing Institute(s):
  1. Theorie-Gruppe (T)
Research Program(s):
  1. 611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) (POF4-611)
  2. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)390833306 - EXC 2121: Quantum Universe (390833306) (390833306)
  3. FASERnu - Studying Neutrinos at the High Energy Frontier (101002690) (101002690)
Experiment(s):
  1. LHC: Other
  2. No specific instrument

Appears in the scientific report 2024
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 Record created 2024-04-02, last modified 2025-07-15