Journal Article

PUBDB-2023-00385

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Transient absorption of warm dense matter created by an X-ray free-electron laser

Mercadier, L. ; Benediktovitch, A. ; Krušič, Š. ; Kas, J. J. ; Schlappa, J. ; Agåker, M. ; Carley, R. ; Fazio, G. ; Gerasimova, N. ; Kim, Y. Y.Extern*XFEL.EU*DESY* ; Le Guyader, L. ; Mercurio, G. ; Parchenko, S. ; Rehr, J. J. ; Rubensson, J.-E. ; Serkez, S. ; Stransky, M. ; Teichmann, M. ; Yin, Z.XFEL.EU*DESY* ; Žitnik, M. ; Scherz, A. ; Ziaja, B. (Corresponding author)CFEL*XFEL.EU*DESY* ; Rohringer, N.XFEL.EU*DESY*

2024
Nature Publishing Group Basingstoke

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1038/s41567-024-02587-w  doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2023-00385

Abstract: Warm dense matter is at the boundary between a plasma and a condensed phase and plays a role in astrophysics, planetary science and inertial confinement fusion research. However, its electronic structure and ionic structure upon irradiation with strong laser pulses remain poorly understood. Here, we use an intense and ultrafast X-ray free-electron laser pulse to simultaneously create and characterize warm dense copper using L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy over a large irradiation intensity range. Below a pulse intensity of 10$^{15}$ W cm$^{−2}$, an absorption peak below the L edge appears, originating from transient depletion of the 3d band. This peak shifts to lower energy with increasing intensity, indicating the movement of the 3d band upon strong X-ray excitation. At higher intensities, substantial ionization and collisions lead to the transition from reverse saturable absorption to saturable absorption of the X-ray free-electron laser pulse, two nonlinear effects that hold promise for X-ray pulse-shaping. We employ theoretical calculations that combine a model based on kinetic Boltzmann equations with finite-temperature real-space density-functional theory to interpret these observations. The results can be used to benchmark non-equilibrium models of electronic structure in warm dense matter.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Gruppe CFEL-XM (FS-CFEL-XM)
2. SCS (XFEL_E2_SCS)
3. Theoretical ultrafast X-ray science (FS-TUX)

Research Program(s):

1. 631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control (POF4-631) (POF4-631)
2. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)390715994 - EXC 2056: CUI: Advanced Imaging of Matter (390715994) (390715994)
3. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)194651731 - EXC 1074: Hamburger Zentrum für ultraschnelle Beobachtung (CUI): Struktur, Dynamik und Kontrolle von Materie auf atomarer Skala (194651731) (194651731)

Experiment(s):

1. No specific instrument

Appears in the scientific report 2024

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Database coverage:
; ; ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; DEAL Nature ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 15 ; JCR ; Nationallizenz ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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