Journal Article

PUBDB-2026-02876

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Probing ultrafast heating and ionization dynamics in solid density plasmas with time-resolved resonant X-ray absorption and emission

Huang, L. (Corresponding author)Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Mishchenko, M.XFEL.EU* ; Šmíd, M.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Humphries, O. S.Extern*XFEL.EU*DESY* ; Preston, T. R.XFEL.EU*DESY* ; Pan, X. ; Yang, L.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Hagemann, J.DESY* ; Engler, T.Extern*DESY* ; Cui, Y.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Kluge, T.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Baehtz, C.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Brambrink, E.XFEL.EU* ; Laso Garcia, A.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Göde, S.XFEL.EU* ; Gutt, C.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Hassan, M.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Höppner, H.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Kozlova, M. ; Metzkes-Ng, J. ; Masruri, M.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Nakatsutsumi, M. ; Ota, M. ; Öztürk, Ö. ; Pelka, A. ; Prencipe, I. ; Randolph, L. ; Rehwald, M. ; Schlenvoigt, H.-P.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Schramm, U. ; Schwinkendorf, J.-P.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Toncian, M.XFEL.EU* ; Toncian, T.XFEL.EU* ; Vorberger, J.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Zeil, K.XFEL.EU* ; Zastrau, U.XFEL.EU* ; Cowan, T. E.Extern*XFEL.EU*

2026
Springer Nature [London]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71429-5  doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2026-02876

Abstract: Heating and ionization are among the most fundamental processes in relativistic laser–solid interactions; however, their spatiotemporal evolutionremains challenging to capture experimentally. Here we present detaileddiagnosis of high-intensity laser interactions with wire targets, leveraging theextreme spectral brightness of an X-ray free-electron laser in sub-picosecondtime-resolved resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy and absorption imaging.Experimental results are compared with comprehensive simulations usingatomic collisional-radiative models, particle-in-cell, and magnetohydrodynamics codes to elucidate the underlying physics. These multi-scalesimulations reveal extreme sensitivity of basic plasma parameters with widelyused models, such as temperature and ionization depth, which are able to beconstrained by incorporating a detailed accounting of laser spatial profiles,pre-plasma conditions, and collisional processes. These results provide newinsights into heating and ionization dynamics in the high-energy-densityregime relevant to inertial fusion energy research, both as an experimentalplatform for accessing theoretically challenging conditions and as a benchmark for improving models of high-power laser–plasma interactions.

Note: cc-by

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. FS-PETRA (FS-PETRA)
2. Physics-informed Inverse Problems (FS-PETRA-PIP)
3. HED (XFEL_E1_HED)
4. Optical Lasers (XFEL_DO_ID_LAS)

Research Program(s):

1. 631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control (POF4-631) (POF4-631)
2. HIDSS-0002 - DASHH: Data Science in Hamburg - Helmholtz Graduate School for the Structure of Matter (2019_IVF-HIDSS-0002) (2019_IVF-HIDSS-0002)

Experiment(s):

1. XFEL Beamline SASE 2 (XFEL)

Appears in the scientific report 2026

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