Journal Article PUBDB-2026-02276

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Imaging Three-Dimensional Molecular Structure and Dynamics with Multiparticle Covariance and Cumulant Coulomb Explosion Analysis

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2026
ACS Washington, DC

The journal of physical chemistry letters 17(12), 3605 - 3616 () [10.1021/acs.jpclett.6c00162]
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Abstract: Coulomb explosion imaging (CEI) provides a direct means of imaging molecular geometry by correlating fragment ion momenta following the fragmentation of a molecular polycation. Here, we demonstrate the use of three-body covariance and four-body cumulant analysis to extract three-dimensional (3D) structural information from the X-ray-induced Coulomb explosion of tert-butyl iodide (C4H9I). Site-selective ionization at the iodine 4d edge with intense femtosecond soft X-ray pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) enables rapid charge buildup and molecular breakup. By correlating ionic fragments in the molecular frame, we isolate complete dissociation channels and reveal subtle structural changes, such as umbrella-type motion of the branched alkyl chain, during the ionization process. Comparison with point-charge simulations of the Coulomb explosion shows close agreement, validating the approach. These results establish covariance/cumulant mapping as a powerful strategy for imaging complex three-dimensional molecular structures and point the way toward time-resolved CEI using both XFEL and tabletop sources for capturing ultrafast structural dynamics.

Classification:

Contributing Institute(s):
  1. DOOR-User (DOOR ; HAS-User)
  2. FS-FLASH (FS-FLASH)
Research Program(s):
  1. 631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control (POF4-631) (POF4-631)
Experiment(s):
  1. Measurement at external facility

Appears in the scientific report 2026
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Medline ; Embargoed OpenAccess ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 5 ; JCR ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection
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 Record created 2026-07-29, last modified 2026-08-10


Published on 2026-03-10. Available in OpenAccess from 2027-03-10.:
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