Journal Article

PUBDB-2025-05585

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png AlCl$^{4−}$ ‐Deficient Eutectic Electrolytes Enable Reversible Iodine Redox‐Amphoteric Conversion for Aluminum Battery Cathodes

Chu, X.Extern* ; Lu, S. ; Ghouse, S. ; Zhang, J.Extern* ; Khan, A. H. ; Du, J.Extern* ; Li, X.Extern*XFEL.EU* ; Gao, B. ; Liu, X. ; Morag, A.Extern* ; Song, X.Extern* ; Li, D.Extern* ; Zheng, L.Extern* ; Guo, Q.Extern* ; Wang, M.Extern* ; Brunner, E. ; Feng, X.Extern* ; Yu, M. (Corresponding author)Extern*

2025
Wiley-VCH Weinheim

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1002/ange.202516059  doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2025-05585

Abstract: Aluminum (Al) batteries are promising for sustainable and large-scale energy storage due to the inherent safety, low cost, and attractive metrics of the Al anode. However, the development of high-voltage and high-capacity cathodes remains a key challenge. Herein, we achieve the reversible iodine redox-amphoteric conversion (i.e., I−/I0/I+) in Al batteries, wherein AlCl4−-deficient eutectic electrolytes are identified critical for stabilizing the conversion process. In contrast to ionic liquid electrolytes prone to parasitic Cl2 evolution, eutectic systems facilitate the I−/I0/I+ conversion process with high reversibility and significantly suppressed Cl2 generation. Spectroscopic and theoretical investigations reveal AlCl4− as the dominant species limiting anodic stability of the electrolyte, and its reduced presence in eutectic electrolytes directly enhances iodine conversion reversibility. The optimized electrolyte allows the I2 electrode to deliver a specific capacity of 358 mAh g−1 and an energy density of 490 Wh kg−1 (based on I2 mass), along with excellent cycling stability (83.8% retention over 1000 cycles). High-loading I2 electrodes (8.52 mg cm−2) achieve a high areal capacity of 2.25 mAh cm−2 and demonstrate practical feasibility in a single-layer pouch cell. This work establishes a new design framework for high-energy-density Al batteries and opens avenues for advancing conversion chemistries in multivalent systems.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. DOOR-User (DOOR ; HAS-User)

Research Program(s):

1. 6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) (POF4-6G3)
2. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)417590517 - SFB 1415: Chemie der synthetischen zweidimensionalen Materialien (417590517) (417590517)

Experiment(s):

1. PETRA Beamline P65 (PETRA III)

Appears in the scientific report 2025

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Database coverage:
; ; ; DEAL Wiley ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Nationallizenz ; SCOPUS

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