Journal Article

PUBDB-2023-03117

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Energy calibration through X-ray absorption of the DECAL sensor, a monolithic active pixel sensor prototype for digital electromagnetic calorimetry and tracking

Fasselt, L. (Corresponding author)DESY* ; Allport, P. P. ; Benhammadi, S. ; Bosley, R. ; Dopke, J. ; Flynn, S. ; Gonella, L. ; Guerrini, N. ; Issever, C.DESY* ; Nikolopoulos, K. ; Kopsalis, I. ; Philips, P. ; Price, T. ; Sedgwick, I. ; Villani, G. ; Warren, M. ; Watson, N. ; Weber, H. ; Winter, A. ; Wilson, F. ; Worm, S.DESY* ; Zhang, Z.

2023
Frontiers Media Lausanne

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.3389/fphy.2023.1231336  doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2023-03117

Abstract: In calorimetry, the predominant detection principle is to measure the energy deposited by particles within a shower initiated e.g. by a photon. An alternative concept is a sampling calorimeter where the highly granular active layers rather measure the number of secondary particles in the shower by detecting ”hits” through binary readout similar to sensors for tracking application. In this context, the DECAL sensor is a fully-depleted monolithic active pixel sensor (DMAPS) prototype with reconfigurable readout for digital electromagnetic calorimetry and tracking. Its 64×64 pixels with a pitch of 55 μm are fabricated in a modified TowerJazz 180 nm CMOS imaging process using a 25 μm epitaxial silicon layer. The readout at 40 MHz is configurable in counting particles that deposit charge when passing through the sensor grouped as either 64 strips or 4 pads. In this article, we present the energy calibration of this sensor using a gamma source of americium-241 as well as X-ray fluorescence at various wavelengths. The uniformity of the pixels is shown, allowing the summation of counts across all pixels. By that, two stand-alone energy calibration methods are developed that describe the X-ray absorption in the energy range of 4 to 60 keV and agree with each other. The signal height 15 per photon energy is obtained to be a = 5.54 ± 0.37mV/keV which corresponds to a conversion gain of c$_g$ = 19.95±1.32 μV/e$^−$. The relative energy resolution for photon absorption is found to be $σ_E$/E = 12.2 ± 3.5%. The absolute counts observed with the DECAL sensor agree with expectations and substantiate the assumption of a fully depleted epitaxial layer. The understanding of the photon absorption is an important input in the further sensor design development towards a multi-layer calorimeter.

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Z_DET (Z_DET)

Research Program(s):

1. 622 - Detector Technologies and Systems (POF4-622) (POF4-622)
2. AIDA-2020 - Advanced European Infrastructures for Detectors at Accelerators (654168) (654168)

Experiment(s):

1. Measurement at external facility

Appears in the scientific report 2023

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