Journal Article PUBDB-2021-02430

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X-ray multiphoton-induced Coulomb explosion images complex single molecules

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2022
Nature Publishing Group Basingstoke

Nature physics 18(4), 423 - 428 () [10.1038/s41567-022-01507-0]
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Abstract: Following structural dynamics in real time is a fundamental goal towards a better understanding of chemical reactions. Recording snapshots of individual molecules with ultrashort exposure times is a key ingredient towards this goal, as atoms move on femtosecond (10$< {−15}$ s) timescales. For condensed-phase samples, ultrafast, atomically resolved structure determination has been demonstrated using X-ray and electron diffraction. Pioneering experiments have also started addressing gaseous samples. However, they face the problem of low target densities, low scattering cross sections and random spatial orientation of the molecules. Therefore, obtaining images of entire, isolated molecules capturing all constituents, including hydrogen atoms, remains challenging. Here we demonstrate that intense femtosecond pulses from an X-ray free-electron laser trigger rapid and complete Coulomb explosions of 2-iodopyridine and 2-iodopyrazine molecules. We obtain intriguingly clear momentum images depicting ten or eleven atoms, including all the hydrogens, and thus overcome a so-far impregnable barrier for complete Coulomb explosion imaging—its limitation on molecules consisting of three to five atoms. In combination with state-of-the-art multi-coincidence techniques and elaborate theoretical modelling, this allows tracing ultrafast hydrogen emission and obtaining information on the result of intramolecular electron rearrangement. Our work represents an important step towards imaging femtosecond chemistry via Coulomb explosion.

Classification:

Contributing Institute(s):
  1. FS-CFEL-3 (CFEL-DESYT)
  2. CFEL-Theory (FS-CFEL-3)
  3. FLASH Wissenschaftlicher Nutzerbetrieb (FS-FLASH-O)
  4. Experimentebetreuung PETRA III (FS-PET-S)
Research Program(s):
  1. 631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control (POF4-631) (POF4-631)
Experiment(s):
  1. No specific instrument
  2. SQS: Small Quantum Systems (SASE3)

Appears in the scientific report 2022
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Medline ; Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 ; OpenAccess ; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 15 ; JCR ; NationallizenzNationallizenz ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection
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Private Collections > >CFEL > >FS-CFEL > CFEL-DESYT
Private Collections > >DESY > >FS > FS-FLASH-O
Private Collections > >DESY > >FS > FS-CFEL-3
Private Collections > >DESY > >FS > FS-PET-S
Document types > Articles > Journal Article
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 Record created 2021-05-25, last modified 2025-07-15


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