Journal Article

PUBDB-2026-01216

http://join2-wiki.gsi.de/foswiki/pub/Main/Artwork/join2_logo100x88.png Gravitational Waves from Feebly Interacting Particles in a First Order Phase Transition

Jinno, R.DESY* ; Shakya, B.DESY* ; van de Vis, J.

2026
APS College Park, Md.

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.1103/phwp-jsvq

Report No.: DESY-22-172; IFT-UAM/CSIC-22-140; MITP-22-095; RESCEU-22/22; arXiv:2211.06405

Abstract: First order phase transitions are well motivated and extensively studied sources of gravitational waves (GWs) from the early Universe. The vacuum energy released during such transitions is assumed to be transferred primarily either to the expanding bubble walls, whose collisions source GWs, or to the surrounding plasma, producing sound waves and turbulence, which source GWs. In this Letter, we study an alternative possibility that has not yet been considered: the released energy gets transferred primarily to feebly interacting particles that do not form a coherent interacting plasma but simply free-stream individually. We develop the formalism to study the production of GWs from such configurations and demonstrate that such GW signals have qualitatively distinct characteristics compared with conventional sources and are potentially observable with near-future GW detectors.

Keyword(s): wave: acoustic ; vacuum state: energy ; particle: interaction ; critical phenomena ; gravitational radiation ; plasma ; fluid ; turbulence ; bubble: expansion ; higher-order: 1

Note: several explanations and discussions added. matches version accepted for publication in PRL

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Contributing Institute(s):

1. Theorie-Gruppe (T)

Research Program(s):

1. 611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) (POF4-611)
2. DFG project G:(GEPRIS)390833306 - EXC 2121: Das Quantisierte Universum II (390833306) (390833306)

Experiment(s):

1. No specific instrument

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Database coverage:
; Clarivate Analytics Master Journal List ; Current Contents - Electronics and Telecommunications Collection ; Current Contents - Physical, Chemical and Earth Sciences ; Ebsco Academic Search ; Essential Science Indicators ; IF >= 5 ; JCR ; Nationallizenz ; SCOAP3 sponsored Journal ; SCOPUS ; Science Citation Index Expanded ; Web of Science Core Collection

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