X-Ray Spectral Variability as a Probe of Multimessenger Emission in Blazar 5BZB J0630−2406

Sanchez Zaballa, Jose Maria; Dauser, Thomas; Azzollini, Alessandra; Marchesi, Stefano; Tombesi, Francesco; Buson, Sara; Wilms, Joern

Preprint

PUBDB-2025-05338

X-Ray Spectral Variability as a Probe of Multimessenger Emission in Blazar 5BZB J0630−2406

Sanchez Zaballa, J. M. (Corresponding author)Extern*DESY* ; Buson, S.DESY* ; Marchesi, S. ; Tombesi, F. ; Dauser, T. ; Wilms, J.DESY* ; Azzollini, A.Extern*

2025

[10.3204/PUBDB-2025-05338]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2025-05338

Report No.: arXiv:2504.03457

Abstract: X-ray observations are essential for understanding the multimessenger emission mechanisms of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Blazars, a subset of AGN whose X-ray emission predominantly originates from relativistic jets, have been proposed as promising high-energy neutrino sources. In this work, we study the candidate neutrino-emitting blazar 5BZB J0630-2406, which has been observed over multiple epochs with the XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, Neil Gehrels Swift-XRT, and eROSITA observatories. Analysis of the X-ray spectra in the 2.0–10.0 keV band shows significant variability, with high-flux states adhering to a power-law model indicative of jet emission. However, during low-flux states, the spectrum reveals an additional component in hard X-rays, indicating a transition from jet-dominated to multicomponent X-ray emission, possibly associated with hadronic processes. To investigate this spectral evolution, we tested various models and found it to be consistent with coronal emission or photoionized absorption processes typically observed in obscured AGN. The identification of the X-ray spectral variability in 5BZB J0630-2406, combined with its potential for neutrino production, opens new perspectives in multimessenger astrophysics of blazars, highlighting the synergies between the mechanisms of the jet and the nuclear environment.

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