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@ARTICLE{Laksman:639105,
author = {Laksman, Joakim and Dietrich, Florian and Maltezopoulos,
Theophilos and Liu, Jia and Ferreira de Lima, Danilo Enoque
and Gerasimova, Natalia and Karpics, Ivars and Kujala,
Naresh and Schmidt, Philipp and Karabekyan, Suren and
Serkez, Svitozar and Gruenert, Jan},
title = {{O}peration of {P}hoto {E}lectron {S}pectrometers for
{N}on-{I}nvasive {P}hoton {D}iagnostics at the {E}uropean
{X}-{R}ay {F}ree {E}lectron {L}aser},
journal = {Applied Sciences},
volume = {14},
number = {22},
issn = {2076-3417},
address = {Basel},
publisher = {MDPI},
reportid = {PUBDB-2025-04308},
pages = {10152 -},
year = {2024},
abstract = {Angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometers with
microchannel plate detectors and fast digitizer electronics
are versatile and powerful devices for providing
non-invasive single-shot photon diagnostics at a MHz
repetition rate X-ray free-electron lasers. In this
contribution, we demonstrate and characterize the
performance of our two operational photoelectron
spectrometers for the application of hard X-rays and soft
X-rays as well as new automation tools and online data
analysis that enable continuous support for machine
operators and instrument scientists. Customized software has
been developed for the real-time monitoring of photon beam
polarization and spectral distribution both in single-color
and two-color operation. Hard X-ray operation imposes
specific design challenges due to poor photoionization
cross-sections and very high photoelectron velocities.
Furthermore, recent advancements in machine learning enable
resolution enhancement by training the photoelectron
spectrometer together with an invasive high-resolution
spectrometer, which generates a response function model.},
cin = {$XFEL_DO_ID_XPD$},
ddc = {600},
cid = {$I:(DE-H253)XFEL_DO_ID_XPD-20210408$},
pnm = {6G13 - Accelerator of European XFEL (POF4-6G13)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G13},
experiment = {EXP:(DE-H253)XFEL-Exp-20150101},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
doi = {10.3390/app142210152},
url = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/639105},
}