TY  - JOUR
AU  - Joshi, Shradha Rajendra
AU  - Schroer, Martin
AU  - Winterer, Markus
TI  - In Situ X-ray Scattering of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles during Chemical Vapor Synthesis
JO  - Chemistry of materials
VL  - 37
IS  - 15
SN  - 0897-4756
CY  - Washington, DC
PB  - American Chemical Society
M1  - PUBDB-2025-02453
SP  - 5710 - 5723
PY  - 2025
N1  - Waiting for fulltext 
AB  - Gas phase production processes of nanoparticles (NPs) such as Chemical Vapor Synthesis (CVS) enable the generation of NPs with high purity, crystallinity, narrow size distribution, and a low degree of hard agglomeration. The design of materials with desired properties is enabled by a control of CVS process parameters, which demands a fundamental understanding of CVS. Ex situ investigation of the CVS process may suffer from artifacts due to particle collection, oxidation, or aging. This may be circumvented by in situ studies. Such studies are described here using small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering of tin oxide NPs as a model system. We demonstrate the formation of crystalline order as well as variation of morphology, size, and agglomeration as a function of process temperature and pressure. Results are compiled in a size-temperature pseudo-phase diagram of the CVS process. 
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
DO  - DOI:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5c00848
UR  - https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/633988
ER  -