Experimental determination of axion signal power of dish antennas and dielectric haloscopes using the reciprocity approach

Egge; Salama, N.; Wang, H.; Gardikiotis, A.; Öz, E.; Martens, S.; Garutti, E.; Kramer, M.; Wieching, G.; Kasemann, C.; Leppla-Weber, D.; Ekmedžić, M.; Heyminck, S.; Schmidt, A.; Knirck, S.; Krieger, C.

Preprint

PUBDB-2024-06788

Experimental determination of axion signal power of dish antennas and dielectric haloscopes using the reciprocity approach

Egge (Corresponding author) ; Ekmedžić, M. ; Gardikiotis, A. ; Garutti, E. ; Heyminck, S. ; Kasemann, C. ; Knirck, S. ; Kramer, M. ; Krieger, C. ; Leppla-Weber, D.Extern*DESY* ; Martens, S. ; Öz, E. ; Salama, N. ; Schmidt, A. ; Wang, H. ; Wieching, G.

2024

[10.3204/PUBDB-2024-06788]

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Please use a persistent id in citations: doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2024-06788

Report No.: FERMILAB-PUB-24-0399-PPD; arXiv:2311.13359

Abstract: The reciprocity approach is a powerful method to determine the expected signal power of axion haloscopes in a model-independent way. Especially for open and broadband setups like the MADMAX dielectric haloscope the sensitivity to the axion field is difficult to calibrate since they do not allow discrete eigenmode analysis and are optically too large to fully simulate. The central idea of the reciprocity approach is to measure a reflection-induced test field in the setup instead of trying to simulate the axion-induced field. In this article, the reciprocity approach is used to determine the expected signal power of a dish antenna and a minimal dielectric haloscope directly from measurements. The results match expectations from simulation but also include important systematic effects that are too difficult to simulate. In particular, the effect of antenna standing waves and higher order mode perturbations can be quantified for the first time in a dielectric haloscope.

Keyword(s): dielectric ; axion: dark matter ; dark matter: detector ; resonance: cavity ; current: density ; reflection ; frequency ; perturbation ; calibration ; sensitivity ; higher-order ; MADMAX ; experimental methods ; experimental results ; dark matter detectors ; dark matter experiments