OpenAccess

Recent breakthroughs in AI-driven protein structure prediction have revolutionized structural biology, unlocking new possibilities to model complex biomolecular interactions. We evaluated widely used scoring metrics for assessing models predicted by ColabFold with templates, ColabFold without templates, and AlphaFold3 [...]

Excited-state contamination remains one of the leading sources of systematic uncertainty in the precise determination of hadron structure observables from lattice QCD. In this letter, we present a general argument, inspired by meson dominance ideas and implemented through the variational method, to identify which excited states are enhanced by the choice of the inserted current and kinematics. [...]

The European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) reflects the vision and presents concrete plans of the European particle physics community for advancing human knowledge in fundamental physics. The ESPP is updated every five-to-six years through a community-driven process. [...]

In the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, a signal of astrophysical neutrinos is obscured by backgrounds from atmospheric neutrinos and muons produced in cosmic-ray interactions. IceCube event selections used to isolate the astrophysical neutrino signal often focus on t/he morphology of the light patterns recorded by the detector. [...]

Using total and resonant x-ray scattering coupled to large-scale computer modeling, we study the latticemodulations in the complex charge density wave (CDW) material Lu$_2$Ir$_3$Si$_5$ . We find that it is a unique quantumsystem where periodic lattice modulations related to emergent CDW order occur in three orthogonal atomicplanes of the crystal lattice, leading to the emergence of an unusual three-dimensional (3D) pattern of shortand long Ir-Ir and Lu-Lu bonds [...]

2,3-Dihydroxy-1,3,4-trimethyl-6-oxo-1,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylic acid crystallizes in an order–disorder (OD) structure with a high stacking fault probability. The diffraction pattern features diffuse scattering and broad peaks, which can be attributed to fragments of two polytypes of a maximum degree of order (MDO) [...]

In our recent investigation, we utilized a century's worth of archival optical data to search for a decade-long periodicity from the blazar PG 1553+113, finding a hint of a 22-yr period. Building on this foundation, the current study extends our analysis to include 10 blazars from the Fermi-Large Area Telescope Second Catalog of Hard Sources (2FHL) catalogue to uncover similar long-term periodic behaviour. [...]

A wide variety of Galactic sources show transient emission at soft and hard X-ray energies: low- and high-mass X-ray binaries containing compact objects, isolated neutron stars exhibiting extreme variability as magnetars as well as pulsar-wind nebulae. Although most of them can show emission up to MeV and/or GeV energies, many have not yet been detected in the TeV domain by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. [...]

Gold ist ein unreaktives Metall und seine chemische Wechselwirkung mit Wasserstoff wird erst seit Kurzem untersucht. Unter Verwendung verschiedener Kohlenwasserstoffe als Wasserstoffquelle beobachten wir hier die Bildung von festem Goldhydrid in der Diamantstempelzelle, die mit einem Freie-Elektronen-Laser beheizt wird. [...]

X-ray observations are essential for understanding the multimessenger emission mechanisms of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Blazars, a subset of AGN whose X-ray emission predominantly originates from relativistic jets, have been proposed as promising high-energy neutrino sources. [...]