OpenAccess

First order phase transitions (FOPT) in the early Universe can be powerful emitters of both relativistic and heavy particles, upon the collision of ultra-relativistic bubble shells. If the particles coupling to the bubble wall have CP-violating interactions, the same collision process can also create a local lepton or baryon charge. [...]

Vacuum fluctuations give rise to effective nonlinear interactions between electromagnetic fields. These generically modify the characteristics of light traversing a strong-field region. [...]

Context. Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) cosmology studies will soon be dominated by systematic, uncertainties, rather than statistical ones [...]

Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) are candidates to serve as vertex and tracking detectors in the future lepton colliders. This is due to the many advantages they provide compared to hybrid sensors, such as a reduced material budget and lower power consumption. [...]

The quest to understand the chemical processes that govern natural phenomena hasbeen a central theme in scientific research throughout the history of humanity. Fromthe large scales studied in astronomy and atmospheric sciences to the intrincate systemsin biochemistry, all such processes ultimately trace back to the dynamics of molecules atatomic and subatomic levels. [...]

Electron beam (EB) modification was carried out on the polylactide (PLA) fibers at the temperature both below and above the glass transition temperature (Tg) under nitrogen atmosphere. The irradiation at elevated temperature was performed by using a novel fiber stretching frame setup to protect fibers from shrinking, in which a permanent constant tension was loaded along fiber bundles to maintain their straightness throughout the irradiation. [...]

Hypergraph learning with p-Laplacian regularization has attracted a lot of attention due to its flexibility in modeling higher-order relationships in data. This paper focuses on its fast numerical implementation, which is challenging due to the non-differentiability of the objective function and the non-uniqueness of the minimizer. [...]

The urgent global demand for sustainable energy drives the search for durable and efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting. Cobalt mononitride (CoN) stands out due to its earth abundance, high conductivity, and corrosion resistance, but its thermodynamic instability often results in cobalt-rich secondary phases. [...]

The performance of novel electrode materials and the influence of cell geometry or flow rate on capacitive water deionization (CDI) are usually described by global metrics from the analysis of the effluent electrolyte together with the electrochemical response of the system. However, these approaches cannot provide information on local variations of ion concentration and related local efficiency within an operating device. [...]

First order phase transitions (FOPT) in the early Universe can be powerful emitters of both relativistic and heavy particles, upon the collision of ultra-relativistic bubble shells. If the particles coupling to the bubble wall have CP-violating interactions, the same collision process can also create a local lepton or baryon charge. [...]