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000643591 0247_ $$2arXiv$$aarXiv:2506.11649
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000643591 1001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1086278$$aSmid, Michal$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000643591 245__ $$aProof-of-principle experiment for the dark-field detection concept for measuring vacuum birefringence
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000643591 500__ $$acc-by, Phys.Rev.A 112 (2025) 6, 063512
000643591 520__ $$aVacuum fluctuations give rise to effective nonlinear interactions between electromagnetic fields. These generically modify the characteristics of light traversing a strong-field region. X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) constitute a particularly promising probe, due to their brilliance, the possibility of precise control and favorable frequency scaling. However, the nonlinear vacuum response is very small even when probing a tightly focused high-intensity laser field with XFEL radiation and direct measurement of light-by-light scattering of real photons and the associated fundamental physics constants of the quantum vacuum has not been possible to date. Achieving a sufficiently good signal-to-background separation is key to a successful quantum vacuum experiment. To master this challenge, a dark-field detection concept has recently been proposed. Here we present the results of a proof-of-principle experiment validating this approach by demonstrating that using real-world x-ray optics the background signal can be suppressed sufficiently to measure the weak nonlinear response of the vacuum.
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000643591 7001_ $$aKhademi, Pooyan$$b1
000643591 7001_ $$aAhmadiniaz, Naser$$b2
000643591 7001_ $$aAndrzejewski, Michal$$b3
000643591 7001_ $$aBaehtz, Carsten$$b4
000643591 7001_ $$aBrambrink, Erik$$b5
000643591 7001_ $$aBurian, Tomáš$$b6
000643591 7001_ $$aBulička, Jakub$$b7
000643591 7001_ $$aChalupský, Jindřich$$b8
000643591 7001_ $$aCowan, Tom E.$$b9
000643591 7001_ $$aCafiso, Samuele Di Dio$$b10
000643591 7001_ $$aChalupský, Jaromír$$b11
000643591 7001_ $$aCowan, Thomas E.$$b12
000643591 7001_ $$aGöde, Sebastian$$b13
000643591 7001_ $$aGrenzer, Jörg$$b14
000643591 7001_ $$aHájková, Věra$$b15
000643591 7001_ $$aHilz, Peter$$b16
000643591 7001_ $$aHippler, Willi$$b17
000643591 7001_ $$aHöppner, Hauke$$b18
000643591 7001_ $$aHorynová, Alžběta$$b19
000643591 7001_ $$aHuang, Lingen$$b20
000643591 7001_ $$aHumphries, Oliver$$b21
000643591 7001_ $$aJelínek, Šimon$$b22
000643591 7001_ $$aJuha, Libor$$b23
000643591 7001_ $$aKarbstein, Felix$$b24
000643591 7001_ $$aKohlfürst, Christian$$b25
000643591 7001_ $$aGarcia, Alejandro Laso$$b26
000643591 7001_ $$aLötzsch, Robert$$b27
000643591 7001_ $$aMatheron, Aimé$$b28
000643591 7001_ $$aMasruri, Masruri$$b29
000643591 7001_ $$aNakatsutsumi, Motoaki$$b30
000643591 7001_ $$aPelka, Alexander$$b31
000643591 7001_ $$aPaulus, Gerhard G.$$b32
000643591 7001_ $$aPreston, Thomas R.$$b33
000643591 7001_ $$aRandolph, Lisa$$b34
000643591 7001_ $$aSävert, Alexander$$b35
000643591 7001_ $$aSchlenvoigt, Hans-Peter$$b36
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000643591 7001_ $$aSchwinkendorf, Jan Patrick$$b38
000643591 7001_ $$aStöhlker, Thomas$$b39
000643591 7001_ $$aToncian, Toma$$b40
000643591 7001_ $$aToncian, Monika$$b41
000643591 7001_ $$aValialshchikov, Maxim$$b42
000643591 7001_ $$aRahul, Sripati V.$$b43
000643591 7001_ $$aValialshchikov, Maksim$$b44
000643591 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1023325$$aVozda, Vojtěch$$b45
000643591 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1001249$$aWeckert, Edgar$$b46
000643591 7001_ $$aWessel, Colin$$b47
000643591 7001_ $$00000-0003-2216-2898$$aWild, Jan$$b48
000643591 7001_ $$aZastrau, Ulf$$b49
000643591 7001_ $$aZepf, Matt$$b50
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