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@ARTICLE{Crippa:643381,
      author       = {Crippa, Arianna and Jansen, Karl and Rinaldi, Enrico},
      title        = {{A}nalysis of the confinement string in (2+1)-dimensional
                      {Q}uantum {E}lectrodynamics with a trapped-ion quantum
                      computer},
      journal      = {Communications Physics},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2399-3650},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2026-00165, arXiv:2411.05628. arXiv:2411.05628},
      pages        = {46},
      year         = {2026},
      note         = {21 pages, 26 figures, 3 tables},
      abstract     = {Understanding strongly interacting quantum field theories
                      is a central challenge in theoretical physics, with direct
                      relevance to nuclear, high-energy and condensed matter
                      systems. Here we present a quantum algorithm for compact
                      lattice Quantum Electrodynamics in 2+1 dimensions with
                      dynamical fermionic matter. Using a variational quantum
                      approach, we extract the static potential between charges
                      across Coulomb, confinement, and string-breaking regimes.
                      Our method employs a symmetry-preserving, resource-efficient
                      circuit to prepare ground states, enabling accurate
                      calculations on the Quantinuum H1-1 trapped-ion device and
                      emulator, in agreement with noiseless simulations. Moreover,
                      we visualize the electric field flux configurations that
                      mainly contribute to the wave function of the quantum ground
                      state, giving insights into the mechanisms of confinement
                      and string-breaking.These results are a promising step
                      forward in the grand challenge of solving higher dimensional
                      lattice gauge theory problems with quantum computing
                      algorithms.},
      cin          = {CQTA / $Z_ZPPT$},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CQTA-20221102 / $I:(DE-H253)Z_ZPPT-20210408$},
      pnm          = {611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-611},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      eprint       = {2411.05628},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2411.05628},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2411.05628;\%\%$},
      doi          = {10.1038/s42005-025-02465-8},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/643381},
}