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@INPROCEEDINGS{Beinortaite:642933,
      author       = {Beinortaite, Judita and Björklund Svensson, Jonas Halfdan
                      and Boulton, Lewis Anthony and Boyle, Gregory James and
                      Foster, Brian and Gonzalez Caminal, Pau and Jones, Harry and
                      Kanekar, Advait and Krivkova, Anna and Loisch, Gregor and
                      Maier, Andreas and Osterhoff, Jens and Pena Asmus, Felipe
                      Lars and Schröder, Sarah and Wesch, Stephan and Wing,
                      Matthew and Wood, Jonathan Christopher and D'Arcy, Richard},
      title        = {{L}ong-duration ion motion effects in beam-driven
                      plasma-wakefield accelerators},
      school       = {DESY},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-05729},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {High-repetition-rate operation of plasma-wakefield
                      accelerators is essential for their suitability in the
                      design of colliders and FELs. Energy remaining in the plasma
                      after the wakefield acceleration event can limit the
                      ultimate repetition rate of the plasma accelerator as the
                      plasma takes time to relax to its initial state. This
                      relaxation is limited by two ion-driven effects: their
                      redistribution after the wakefield event and potential
                      further collisional ionisation caused by this motion, as was
                      observed at FACET [Nat. Commun 11, 1–11]. A
                      tens-of-nanoseconds recovery of the original on-axis plasma
                      density directly from ion motion was measured for standard
                      FLASHForward operational settings [Nature 603, 58–62],
                      prompting further investigations into possible ionisation
                      effects. In this work, we investigated hydrogen and argon
                      plasmas at a variety of working points with two different
                      diagnostics: the pump-probe electron-beam-based technique
                      and optical emission spectrometry. In some regimes, both
                      diagnostics indicated additional ionisation happening on the
                      nanoseconds-microseconds timescale, which elongated the
                      recovery time. The dependency of the exact evolution rate of
                      ion-motion-driven ionisation on the initial plasma
                      conditions, namely plasma density and the degree of
                      ionisation, was explored, which will inform the design of
                      the highest repetition rate plasma sources for future
                      colliders and FELs.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2025-09-21},
      organization  = {7th European Advanced Accelerator
                       Conference, Elba (Italy), 21 Sep 2025 -
                       27 Sep 2025},
      cin          = {MPL / $HH_FH_FTX_AS$},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)MPL-20120731 /
                      $I:(DE-H253)HH_FH_FTX_AS-20210421$},
      pnm          = {621 - Accelerator Research and Development (POF4-621) / 6G2
                      - FLASH (DESY) (POF4-6G2)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-621 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G2},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)FLASHForward-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/642933},
}