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@ARTICLE{Dullin:642770,
      author       = {Dullin, Christian and Reiser, Johanna and Wagner, Willi L.
                      and Longo, Elena and Prašek, Marko and Contillo, Adriano
                      and Sodini, Nicola and Dreossi, Diego and Confalonieri,
                      Paola and Salton, Francesco and Confalonieri, Marco and
                      Baratella, Elisa and Cova, Maria Assunta and Benke, Claudia
                      V. and Sagar, Md Motiur Rahman and D’Amico, Lorenzo and
                      Albers, Jonas and Svetlove, Angelika and Duke, Elizabeth and
                      Flisikowska, Tatiana and Flisikowski, Krzysztof and
                      Wielpütz, Mark O. and Biederer, Jürgen and Kauczor,
                      Hans-Ulrich and Alves, Frauke and Zanconati, Fabrizio and
                      Tromba, Giuliana},
      title        = {{F}ormaldehyde vapour fixation enables multiscale
                      phase-contrast imaging and histological validation of
                      human-sized lungs},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-05619},
      pages        = {36475},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Accurate diagnosis and characterization of lung disease
                      increasingly rely on advanced imaging modalities capable of
                      resolving fine microstructural details while minimizing
                      radiation exposure. Phase-sensitive computed tomography
                      (CT), particularly propagation-based imaging (PBI), offers
                      superior soft tissue contrast but has historically been
                      limited by the lack of compatible fixation techniques that
                      preserve lung architecture post-excision. We present an
                      adapted formaldehyde (FA) vapour fixation protocol designed
                      to maintain human-sized lungs in a physiologically inflated
                      and morphologically stable state. This approach prevents
                      collapse of the delicate air–tissue interfaces, a major
                      barrier to high-fidelity phase-contrast imaging and
                      histological correlation. Our method enables
                      high-resolution, multiscale imaging from whole-organ PBI at
                      67 µm voxel size to localized subcellular synchrotron PBI
                      at 650 nm voxel size on the same specimen, with preserved
                      spatial relationships critical for accurate validation of
                      imaging findings. In porcine models, FA vapour fixation
                      maintained alveolar integrity and radiological contrast
                      without compromising histological detail, while also
                      avoiding the artifacts associated with liquid fixation.
                      Crucially, the protocol allows regulation of inflation and
                      fixation dynamics, addressing longstanding challenges in ex
                      vivo lung imaging and enabling consistent specimen
                      preparation across studies. This fixation technique supports
                      biosafe stabilization of freshly explanted human
                      lungs–such as those from transplant procedures creating
                      new opportunities for translational research on pathological
                      tissue. By bridging high-resolution radiology and
                      histopathology, our scalable fixation protocol establishes a
                      standardized foundation for multimodal lung imaging and
                      offers a critical tool for advancing both fundamental lung
                      research and clinical diagnostics.},
      cin          = {EMBL-User / EMBL},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)EMBL-User-20120814 / I:(DE-H253)EMBL-20120731},
      pnm          = {6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P14-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-025-23903-1},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/642770},
}