TY  - JOUR
AU  - Monico, Letizia
AU  - Janssens, Koen
AU  - Cotte, Marine
AU  - Webb, Samuel M.
AU  - Vanmeert, Frederik
AU  - Gonzalez, Victor
AU  - Van der Snickt, Geert
AU  - Keune, Katrien
AU  - Brunetti, Brunetto Giovanni
AU  - Falkenberg, Gerald
AU  - Garrevoet, Jan
AU  - van Loon, Annelies
AU  - Vermeulen, Marc
AU  - Maguregui, Maite
AU  - De Meyer, Steven
AU  - Clerici, Ermanno Avranovich
AU  - Broers, Fréderique T. H.
AU  - Cartechini, Laura
AU  - De Keyser, Nouchka
AU  - d’Acapito, Francesco
AU  - Meirer, Florian
AU  - Romani, Aldo
AU  - Rosi, Francesca
AU  - Marri, Sara Carboni
AU  - Comelli, Daniela
AU  - Deleu, Nina
AU  - Fazlic, Ida
AU  - Ghirardello, Marta
AU  - Holé, Clément
AU  - Pérez-Diez, Silvia
AU  - Thoury, Mathieu
AU  - Miliani, Costanza
TI  - Advanced X-ray techniques to study the alteration of pigments in paintings
JO  - Rivista del nuovo cimento
VL  - 48
IS  - 6
SN  - 0035-5917
CY  - Bologna
PB  - SIF
M1  - PUBDB-2025-05380
SP  - 315 - 434
PY  - 2025
AB  - The application of X-ray methods (using conventional sources or synchrotron radiation)for investigating degradation phenomena in paintings has significantly increasedin the last two decades. This rise is due to their ability to provide spatially resolvedelemental, molecular, and structural information from the macroscopic to thenanoscopic levels. This review will focus on the application of latest-generation X-raytechniques, including X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), to study the alteration processes of pigments inpaintings. The first part outlines the fundamentals of XRF, XAS, and XRD techniquesand then describes the corresponding instrumental set-ups used for non-invasivemacro-scale mapping of paintings and synchrotron radiation-based X-ray analysisof paint micro-samples. Subsequent sections will cover advancements in X-ray dataanalysis software, workflow management systems, Open Science and FAIR datainitiatives, alongside practical aspects of sample preparation and issues concerningX-ray-induced damage to paints. The final section will review degradation phenomenaresulting from chemical changes of selected classes of pigments. This willinvolve describing key findings obtained from paintings, related micro-samples, andartificially aged paint mock-ups. The outcomes discussed in this review highlight theircrucial role in developing effective monitoring and preventive conservation strategiesfor artworks highly susceptible to degradation within heritage sites and museums.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
DO  - DOI:10.1007/s40766-025-00070-7
UR  - https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/642167
ER  -