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@ARTICLE{Gro:641967,
      author       = {Groß, C. F. and Romiti, S. and Funcke, L. and Jansen, K.
                      and Kan, A. and Kühn, S. and Urbach, C.},
      title        = {{M}atching {L}agrangian and {H}amiltonian simulations in
                      (2+1)-dimensional {U}(1) gauge theory},
      journal      = {The European physical journal / C},
      volume       = {85},
      number       = {11},
      issn         = {1434-6044},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-05254, arXiv:2503.11480. arXiv:2503.11480.
                      arXiv:2503.11480},
      pages        = {1253},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {cc-by, 11 figures, 9 tables. Content matches that published
                      in EPJC. A few additional references, link to data
                      repository of used code},
      abstract     = {At finite lattice spacing, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian
                      predictions differ due to discretization effects. In the
                      Hamiltonian limit, i.e. at vanishing temporal lattice
                      spacing $a_t$, the path integral approach in the Lagrangian
                      formalism reproduces the results of the Hamiltonian theory.
                      In this work, we numerically calculate the Hamiltonian limit
                      of a U(1) gauge theory in $(2+1)$ dimensions. This is
                      achieved by Monte Carlo simulations in the Lagrangian
                      formalism with lattices that are anisotropic in the time
                      direction. For each ensemble, we determine the ratio between
                      the temporal and spatial scale with the static quark
                      potential and extrapolate to $a_t \rightarrow 0$. Our
                      results are compared with the data from Hamiltonian
                      simulations at small volumes, showing agreement within
                      $<2\sigma $. These results can be used to match the two
                      formalisms.},
      cin          = {CQTA},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CQTA-20221102},
      pnm          = {611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) / DFG
                      project G:(GEPRIS)511713970 - SFB 1639: NuMeriQS: Numerische
                      Methoden zur Untersuchung von Dynamik und Strukturbildung in
                      Quantensystemen (511713970) / QUEST - QUantum computing for
                      Excellence in Science and Technology (101087126)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-611 / G:(GEPRIS)511713970 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)101087126},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      eprint       = {2503.11480},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2503.11480},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2503.11480;\%\%$},
      doi          = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14923-2},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/641967},
}