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@ARTICLE{Waszkowska:639390,
      author       = {Waszkowska, Karolina and Busch, Mark and Slassi, Siham and
                      Amine, Amina and El-Ghayoury, Abdelkrim and Strzelecki,
                      Janusz and Zawadzka, Anna and Kityk, Andriy V. and Huber,
                      Patrick and Sahraoui, Bouchta},
      title        = {{T}ransition‐{M}etal {A}zo {S}chiff {B}ase {C}omplexes:
                      {N}onlinear {O}ptics {A}cross {S}olutions, {T}hin {F}ilms
                      and {N}anocomposites},
      journal      = {Advanced optical materials},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {30},
      issn         = {2195-1071},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-04484},
      pages        = {e00975},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {This paper investigates the nonlinear optical (NLO)
                      properties of azo-based Schiff base ligand and its
                      corresponding complexes incorporating Cu(II) and Zn(II)
                      metal cations, designed upon the previous synthesis work.
                      Both 2nd and 3rd order NLO properties are examined, with a
                      particular focus on their potential for optoelectronic and
                      photonic applications. The Z-scan technique is employed to
                      analyze NLO refraction and NLO absorption in solution. All
                      samples exhibit positive NLO phenomena, with Zn(L)2 showing
                      the highest values (χ(3) = 27.95 × 10−22 m2 V−2, γ =
                      54.44 × 10−47 m5 V−2), attributed to enhanced
                      ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT). Additionally, thin
                      films deposited via the spin coating method undergo 3rd
                      order NLO analysis through the Maker fringe technique. THG
                      analysis further confirms superior 3rd order NLO performance
                      in Zn(L)2, exceeding several benchmark transition-metal
                      complexes. 2nd order NLO properties are also explored in
                      hybrid nanocomposites designed from Zn(L)2 embedded in
                      nanoporous pSiO2 membrane. This structure exhibits
                      anisotropic SHG behavior, with χ(2) = 0.11 pm V−1 under
                      s-p polarization, suggesting polarization confinement within
                      nanochannels. The results clearly demonstrate that
                      transition-metal azo Schiff base complexes, particularly
                      Zn(L)2, exhibit strong NLO responses, positioning them as
                      potential candidates for applications in all-optical
                      switching and frequency conversion.},
      cin          = {CIMMS},
      ddc          = {670},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CIMMS-20211022},
      pnm          = {632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and Functional
                      Materials (POF4-632) / TeraHertz - Novel Technologies and
                      Materials for TeraHertz Radiation Control (101086493)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632 / G:(EU-Grant)101086493},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1002/adom.202500975},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/639390},
}