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@ARTICLE{Choong:638016,
      author       = {Choong, Choe Earn and Hong, YuKyung and Nandy, Subhajit and
                      Wong, Kien Tiek and Weng, Bo and Choi, Eunjin and Yoon,
                      Yeomin and Jang, Min},
      title        = {{M}icro-environment regulation for strong metal–support
                      interaction in ${R}u{O}_2$-doped barium cerate for boosting
                      photocatalytic ammonia production},
      journal      = {Applied catalysis / B},
      volume       = {382},
      issn         = {0926-3373},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-03964},
      pages        = {125870},
      year         = {2026},
      note         = {These measurements were carried out during in house
                      research beamtime: H-20010499 Waiting for fulltext},
      abstract     = {Modulating the local microenvironment via strong
                      metal-support interaction (SMSI) approach in Ru-based
                      photocatalyst for improving photocatalytic ammonia
                      production is poorly understood. Herein, we investigate the
                      mechanism of the SMSI effect of RuO$_2$ on barium cerate
                      (BC) by forming Ru-O-Ce electron transfer channel to enhance
                      the photocatalytic ammonium (NH$_4^+$) production. Among the
                      prepared photocatalysts, BC-Ru$_{0.25}$ showed the highest
                      NH$_4^+$ formation rate of 3.533 mmol g$^{−1}$
                      h$^{−1}$ with a 5.464 \% apparent quantum efficiency
                      (AQE), which was 5.17-fold higher than BC. In-situ X-ray
                      photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near
                      edge structure (XANES) analyses revealed that RuO$_2$ doping
                      on BC promoted the formation of Ru-O-Ce bonds and degenerate
                      barium 3d orbitals, creating an asymmetric coordination
                      environment that improved N$_2$ interaction. Additionally,
                      the formation of a Ru-O-Ce electron channel on BC prolonged
                      the electron decay time and improved spatial separation,
                      resulting in higher nitric oxide (NO) radical formation due
                      to the promotion of hydroxyl radical generation from
                      photoexcited holes. Notably, in-situ surface-enhanced Raman
                      spectroscopy (SERS) analysis revealed that RuO$_2$ loading
                      on BC altered the electronic state of Ba owing to the SMSI
                      effect, improved N$_2$ interaction on the Ba-O bonds, and
                      facilitated the NH$_4^+$ production. Density functional
                      theory (DFT) calculations showed that RuO$_2$-doping of BC
                      can result in Ba-N bonding and promote the nitric oxide
                      reduction reaction (NORR) by reducing the energy barrier of
                      the rate-determining step and accelerating the protonation
                      process. This study demonstrates the SMSI effects via the
                      strategy of a Ru-based dopant on NH$_4^+$ photocatalytic
                      production.},
      cin          = {FS-PETRA-S / DOOR ; HAS-User},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)FS-PETRA-S-20210408 /
                      I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731},
      pnm          = {632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and Functional
                      Materials (POF4-632) / 6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P64-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.apcatb.2025.125870},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/638016},
}