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@INPROCEEDINGS{T:637196,
      author       = {T, Aswathi and Surendran, Ammu and Enale, Harsha and
                      Sarapulova, Angelina and Fu, Qiang and Knapp, Michael and
                      Dixon, Ditty and Bhaskar, Aiswarya},
      title        = {({D}igital {P}resentation) {C}obalt-{F}ree
                      {S}pinel-{L}ayered {C}omposite {A}s a {P}ositive {E}lectrode
                      for {S}odium-{I}on {B}atteries},
      issn         = {2151-2043},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-03805},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Sodium-ion battery (NIB) system is an emerging technology
                      and can be considered as a suitable alternative for
                      lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to the large abundance and
                      distribution of sodium on earth and similar working
                      principles to LIB. Among those cathodes for NIBs, layered
                      transition metal oxides (NaxMO2) receive more attention
                      because of their higher capacity, appropriate operating
                      potentials, higher ionic conductivity, and ease of synthesis
                      [1]. According to the stacking sequence of oxygen layers and
                      Na occupation sites, layered transition metal oxides are
                      mainly classified as P2, O3, P3, and O2 structures. The
                      letters P and O imply that the sodium occupies trigonal
                      prismatic sites and octahedral sites, respectively. The
                      numbers indicate the no. of oxygen stacking layers [2].
                      Among these, the P2 type layered transition metal oxides
                      gained more recognition as cathode materials for NIBs due to
                      their superior rate capability from the migration of sodium
                      ions through the face-sharing trigonal prismatic sites [3].
                      However, the intercalation/de-intercalation of large sodium
                      ions creates some structural deterioration and
                      irreversibility. Designing multiphase materials is an
                      effective strategy to improve the electrochemical
                      performance of the material to avail the synergistic effects
                      from each phase [3,4].In this work, a cobalt-free
                      layered-spinel composite was synthesized by sol-gel method
                      as positive electrode material for NIBs. It is highly
                      attractive, as it is cobalt-free and hence, cost-effective
                      and environmentally benign. The layered phase provides a
                      smoother diffusion pathway and the spinel phase could
                      enhance the electronic conductivity [3,4]. The presence of
                      layered and spinel phases was confirmed by the X-ray
                      diffraction technique. Scanning electron microscopic
                      investigations reveal particles of layered morphology with
                      well-defined edges.The electrochemical investigations were
                      done in Na-half cells in the voltage range of 1.5- 4.0 V vs.
                      Na+/Na. The cyclic voltammogram of the layered-spinel
                      composite in Na half-cell shows two sets of peaks
                      corresponding to the redox activity of Mn and Ni. When the
                      upper cut-off voltage was increased above 4 V, contributions
                      from the Fe electrochemical activity were also observed. To
                      investigate the sodium storage performance, galvanostatic
                      charge-discharge studies were done. The material displayed
                      an initial discharge capacity of 171 mAh g-1 and promising
                      high-rate behavior. To investigate the electrochemical
                      mechanism, in operando X-ray absorption spectroscopic
                      studies were done and the results will be discussed in
                      detail.},
      month         = {Oct},
      date          = {2022-10-09},
      organization  = {242nd ECS Meeting , Atlanta (USA), 9
                       Oct 2022 - 13 Oct 2022},
      cin          = {FS DOOR-User / DOOR ; HAS-User},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-H253)FS_DOOR-User-20241023$ /
                      I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731},
      pnm          = {6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) / DFG project
                      G:(GEPRIS)390874152 - EXC 2154: POLiS - Post Lithium Storage
                      Cluster of Excellence (390874152)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3 / G:(GEPRIS)390874152},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P65-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)1},
      doi          = {10.1149/MA2022-024443mtgabs},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/637196},
}