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@ARTICLE{Nguyen:636702,
      author       = {Nguyen, Hung Quoc and Kanedal, Mikael Dahl and Todt, Juraj
                      and Jin, Feng and Do, Quyen and Zalka, Dora and Maximenko,
                      Alexey and Stoian, Dragos and Schell, Norbert and van Beek,
                      Wouter and Fitzek, Harald and Rattenberger, Johannes and
                      Siller, Valerie and Boles, Steven T. and El Kazzi, Mario and
                      Keckes, Jozef and Rettenwander, Daniel},
      title        = {{R}evealing the {H}idden {P}olysulfides in {S}olid-{S}tate
                      {N}a–{S} {B}atteries: {H}ow {P}ressure and {E}lectrical
                      {T}ransport {C}ontrol {K}inetic {P}athways},
      journal      = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
      volume       = {147},
      number       = {27},
      issn         = {0002-7863},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {ACS Publications},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-03721},
      pages        = {23492 - 23503},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {Room temperature operation of Na−S batterieswith liquid
                      electrolytes is plagued by fundamental challengesstemming
                      from polysulfide solubility and their shuttle
                      effects.Inorganic solid electrolytes offer a promising
                      solution by acting asbarriers to polysulfide migration,
                      mitigating capacity loss. While thesequential formation of
                      cycling products in molten-electrode andliquid
                      electrolytes-based Na−S batteries generally aligns with
                      theexpectations from the Na−S phase diagram, their
                      presence,stability, and transitory behavior in systems with
                      inorganic solidelectrolytes at room temperature, remain
                      poorly understood. Toaddress this, we employed operando
                      scanning microbeam X-raydiffraction, operando X-ray
                      photoelectron spectroscopy and ex-situX-ray absorption
                      spectroscopy to investigate the sulfur conversionmechanisms
                      in Na−S cells with Na3PS4 and Na4(B10H10)(B12H12)
                      electrolytes. Our findings reveal the formation of
                      crystalline andamorphous polysulfides, including those
                      predicted by the Na−S phase diagram (e.g., Na2S5, Na2S4,
                      Na2S2, Na2S), high-orderpolysulfides observed in
                      liquid-electrolyte systems (e.g., Na2Sx, where x = 6−8),
                      and phases like Na2S3 typically stable only
                      underhigh-temperature or high-pressure conditions. We
                      demonstrate that these transitions are governed by
                      diffusion-limited kinetics andlocalized stress
                      concentrations, emphasizing the critical role of pressure,
                      which serves as both a thermodynamic variable, as well as
                      adesign parameter, for optimizing solid-state Na−S battery
                      performance necessary for pushing these cells closer to the
                      commercialfrontier.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User / Hereon},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731 / I:(DE-H253)Hereon-20210428},
      pnm          = {6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) / PSI-FELLOW-III-3i -
                      International, Interdisciplinary $\&$ Intersectoral
                      Postdoctoral Fellowships at the Paul Scherrer Institut
                      (884104) / Sylinda - Synchrotron Light Industry Applications
                      (952148)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3 / G:(EU-Grant)884104 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)952148},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P07-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:40550758},
      doi          = {10.1021/jacs.5c00465},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/636702},
}