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@ARTICLE{An:633262,
      author       = {An, Siyu and Sahu, Rajib and Zhang, Ruizhuo and Ulusoy,
                      Fatih and Kübel, Christian and Kondrakov, Aleksandr and
                      Janek, Juergen and Brezesinski, Torsten},
      title        = {{T}itanium {S}ubstitution to {A}dvance the {P}rospect of
                      {N}a{M}n{O}$_2$ {C}athodes for {P}ractical {A}pplication in
                      {S}odium-{I}on {B}atteries},
      journal      = {ACS applied energy materials},
      volume       = {8},
      number       = {14},
      issn         = {2574-0962},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {ACS Publications},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-02388},
      pages        = {10508 - 10518},
      year         = {2025},
      abstract     = {O3-type layered oxides stand out among various Na-ion
                      battery cathodes due to their unparalleled theoretical
                      specific capacities. As a representative of low-cost,
                      Mn-based cathode materials, $α$-NaMnO$_2$ (NMO) has
                      attracted great attention. However, its practical
                      application is hindered by poor reversibility. Compared to
                      other O3 or O′3-type layered oxides, such as NaNiO2, NMO
                      undergoes multiple phase transitions, with the final O1
                      phase negatively affecting cycling performance. In this
                      study, precipitated Mn$_3$O$_4$ was employed, to our
                      knowledge for the first time, as a precursor in the
                      synthesis of NMO, and the cathode material was
                      systematically optimized through incremental improvement via
                      titanium substitution. NaMn$_{0.9}$Ti$_{0.1}$O$_2$ was found
                      to exhibit enhanced stability, with the capacity retention
                      increasing from 42 to 70\% after 50 cycles at C/10, along
                      with superior rate capability over NMO. This is due in part
                      to titanium’s role in facilitating primary particle
                      (grain) growth and suppressing O1 phase formation, thereby
                      preserving structural integrity and mitigating degradation
                      caused by volume variations and irreversible oxygen redox
                      during battery operation. This work not only provides
                      valuable insights into the development of next-generation
                      NMO cathodes but also advances their potential for practical
                      applications.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731},
      pnm          = {6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) / FS-Proposal: I-20230867
                      (I-20230867)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3 / G:(DE-H253)I-20230867},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P02.1-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1021/acsaem.5c01367},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/633262},
}