TY  - JOUR
AU  - Forster, Carola
AU  - Döring, Markus
AU  - Spurk, Christoph
AU  - Hummel, Marc
AU  - Olowinsky, Alexander
AU  - Beckmann, Felix
AU  - Moosmann, Julian
AU  - Schmidt, Michael
TI  - Investigation of solidification crack formation in laser beam welding of stainless steel with high-speed x-ray imaging
JO  - Proceedings of SPIE
VL  - 13356
SN  - 0038-7355
CY  - Bellingham, Wash.
PB  - SPIE
M1  - PUBDB-2025-02369
SP  - 1335601
PY  - 2025
N1  - Waiting for fulltext 
AB  - Laser beam welding, a contactless joining technique, is increasingly favored in automated industrial production due to its rapid processing and localized heat effects. However, a significant challenge associated with laser beam welding is the susceptibility of the material to solidification cracking. One potential strategy to mitigate solidification cracking involves manipulating the melt pool shape and flow dynamics through laser parameter adjustment. However, current approaches based on user observations and assumptions often lack a mechanistic foundation, leading to an empirical trial-and-error process for identifying suitable processing parameters, materials, or geometries. This necessitates extensive and time-consuming experimentation. To overcome this limitation and achieve significant advancements in laser beam welding, a quantitative understanding of solidification crack formation mechanisms and their correlation with process parameters is crucial. Although numerous research efforts, both experimental and simulative, have been dedicated to this topic, existing theories primarily rely on qualitative explanations focusing on metallurgical, strain, or stress-based phenomena. Unfortunately, these approaches have not yet yielded a clear and quantitative model description that can be readily implemented through experimentation. Experimental approaches are hampered by the poor visibility of the process zone. Although cracks can be identified postmortem, it is challenging to draw conclusions about the mechanisms of formation. This study addresses this gap by employing in situ x-ray high-speed imaging to investigate the dynamics of crack formation in laser beam welding. Experiments conducted at the German Electron-Synchrotron (DESY) at Petra III, beamline P07 compare parameter-dependent crack formation behavior in stainless steel AISI 304. The results suggest that the distribution of laser energy within the weld zone and its influence on melt pool behavior and microstructure play a critical role in solidification cracking.  
T2  - High-Power Laser Materials Processing: Applications, Diagnostics, and Systems XIV
CY  - 25 Jan 2025 - 31 Jan 2025, San Francisco (United States)
Y2  - 25 Jan 2025 - 31 Jan 2025
M2  - San Francisco, United States
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)8 ; PUB:(DE-HGF)16
DO  - DOI:10.1117/12.3041269
UR  - https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/633243
ER  -