TY - JOUR AU - Tober, Steffen AU - Schober, Jan-Christian AU - Creutzburg, Marcus AU - Beck, Esko Erik AU - Semione, Guilherme Dalla Lana AU - Chung, Simon AU - Jacobse, Leon AU - Arndt, Bjoern AU - Vlad, Alina AU - Steinbrügge, René AU - Wille, Hans-Christian AU - Sergeev, Ilya AU - Noei, Heshmat AU - Schlage, Kai AU - Leupold, Olaf AU - Vonk, Vedran AU - Stierle, Andreas TI - Site-Resolved Near-Surface Cation Diffusion in Magnetite JO - Physical review letters VL - 134 IS - 23 SN - 0031-9007 CY - College Park, Md. PB - APS M1 - PUBDB-2025-01918 SP - 236203 PY - 2025 AB - In situ nuclear forward scattering shows a thermally induced cation exchange between a 57 Fe3 O4 thin-film and a Fe3 O4 (001) substrate predominantly in the octahedral sublattice for a temperature range between 470 and 710 K. The overall activation barrier in this temperature range is found to be 19±32 kJ/mol, which is significantly lower than expected from extrapolating a bulk diffusion model. This observation can be attributed to the large out-of-equilibrium cation deficit as determined by surface x-ray diffraction. Despite the relatively low hopping barrier, the diffusion constant is about 5 orders of magnitude lower than expected for magnetite having an equilibrium cation stoichiometry. The results are relevant for applications relying on the near-surface structure and stoichiometry of magnetite, and we argue that the correlation between cation diffusion and stoichiometry may play a role for a wider range of oxide materials. LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 DO - DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.236203 UR - https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/631049 ER -