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@ARTICLE{Chekhovsky:628954,
      author       = {Chekhovsky, Vladimir and others},
      collaboration = {{CMS Collaboration}},
      title        = {{O}bservation of coherent $\phi$(1020) meson
                      photoproduction in ultraperipheral {P}b{P}b collisions at
                      $\sqrt{s_\text{{NN}}}$ = 5.36 {T}e{V}},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2025-01757, arXiv:2504.05193. CMS-HIN-24-009.
                      CERN-EP-2025-051},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {Submitted to Physical Review Letters. All figures and
                      tables can be found at
                      http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-24-009
                      (CMS Public Pages)},
      abstract     = {The first observation of coherent $\phi$(1020) meson
                      photoproduction off heavy nuclei is presented using
                      ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at a center-of-mass
                      energy per nucleon pair of 5.36 TeV. The data were collected
                      by the CMS experiment and correspond to an integrated
                      luminosity of 1.68 $\mu$b$^{-1}$. The $\phi$(1020) meson
                      signals are reconstructed via the K$^+$K$^-$ decay channel.
                      The production cross section is presented as a function of
                      the $\phi$(1020) meson rapidity in the range 0.3
                      $\lt$$\lvert y\rvert$$\lt$ 1.0, probing gluons that carry a
                      fraction of the nucleon momentum ($x$) around $10^{-4}$. The
                      observed cross section exhibits little dependence on
                      rapidity and is significantly suppressed, by a factor of
                      ${\sim}$5, compared to a baseline model that treats a
                      nucleus as a collection of free nucleons. Theoretical models
                      that incorporate either nuclear shadowing or gluon
                      saturation predict suppression of the $\phi$(1020) meson
                      cross section with only a small dependence on rapidity, but
                      the magnitude of the predicted suppression varies greatly.
                      Models considering only nuclear shadowing effects result in
                      the best agreement with the experimental data. This study
                      establishes a powerful new tool for exploring nuclear
                      effects and nuclear gluonic structure in the small-$x$
                      regime at a unique energy scale bridging the perturbative
                      and nonperturbative quantum chromodynamics domains.},
      cin          = {CMS},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CMS-20120731},
      pnm          = {611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) /
                      HIDSS-0002 - DASHH: Data Science in Hamburg - Helmholtz
                      Graduate School for the Structure of Matter
                      $(2019_IVF-HIDSS-0002)$ / DFG project G:(GEPRIS)390833306 -
                      EXC 2121: Quantum Universe (390833306)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-611 / $G:(DE-HGF)2019_IVF-HIDSS-0002$ /
                      G:(GEPRIS)390833306},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)LHC-Exp-CMS-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      eprint       = {2504.05193},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2504.05193},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2504.05193;\%\%$},
      doi          = {10.3204/PUBDB-2025-01757},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/628954},
}