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000627756 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aChen, Yifan$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000627756 245__ $$aBlack holes as fermion factories
000627756 260__ $$aLondon$$bIOP$$c2025
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000627756 520__ $$aUltralight bosons near rotating black holes can undergo significant growth through superradiant energy extraction, potentially reaching field values close to the Planck scale and transforming black holes into effective transducers for these fields. The interaction between boson fields and fermions may lead to parametric production or Schwinger pair production of fermions, with efficiencies significantly exceeding those of perturbative decay processes. Additionally, the spatial gradients of scalar clouds and the electric components of vector clouds can accelerate fermions, resulting in observable fluxes. This study considers both Standard Model neutrinos and dark sector fermions, which could contribute to boosted dark matter. Energy loss due to fermion emissions can potentially quench the exponential growth of the cloud, leading to a saturated state. This dynamic provides a framework for establishing limits on boson-neutrino interactions, previously constrained by neutrino self-interaction considerations. In the saturation phase, boson clouds have the capacity to accelerate fermions to TeV energies, producing fluxes that surpass those from atmospheric neutrinos near black holes. These fluxes open new avenues for observations through high-energy neutrino detectors like IceCube, as well as through dark matter direct detection efforts focused on targeted black holes.
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000627756 536__ $$0G:(EU-Grant)101052587$$aGravitas - Black holes: gravitational engines of discovery (101052587)$$c101052587$$fERC-2021-ADG$$x1
000627756 536__ $$0G:(GEPRIS)390833306$$aDFG project G:(GEPRIS)390833306 - EXC 2121: Quantum Universe (390833306)$$c390833306$$x2
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000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$ascale: Planck
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aneutrino: atmosphere
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aneutrino: production
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aneutrino: particle source
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$ascale: TeV
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$afield theory: scalar
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$ablack hole
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$asuperradiance
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$asaturation
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$atrigger
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$atransducer
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aquenching
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aparametric
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$acloud
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aboson: mass
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aenergy: yield
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aneutrino: coupling
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aacceleration
000627756 650_7 $$2INSPIRE$$aflux
000627756 650_7 $$2autogen$$aastrophysical black holes
000627756 650_7 $$2autogen$$agravity
000627756 650_7 $$2autogen$$aneutrino astronomy
000627756 650_7 $$2autogen$$aparticle acceleration
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000627756 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aXue, Xiao$$b1
000627756 7001_ $$aCardoso, Vitor$$b2
000627756 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2104147-7$$a10.1088/1475-7516/2025/02/035$$gVol. 2025, no. 02, p. 035 -$$n02$$p035 $$tJournal of cosmology and astroparticle physics$$v02$$x1475-7508$$y2025
000627756 7870_ $$0PUBDB-2023-04449$$aChen, Yifan et.al.$$d2023$$iIsParent$$rDESY-23-109 ; arXiv:2308.00741$$tBlack Holes as Neutrino Factories
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