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@ARTICLE{Hayrapetyan:617767,
      author       = {Hayrapetyan, Aram and others},
      collaboration = {{CMS Collaboration}},
      title        = {{O}bservation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair
                      production in proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$
                      {T}e{V}},
      journal      = {Reports on progress in physics},
      volume       = {87},
      number       = {11},
      issn         = {0034-4885},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publ.},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2024-07045, arXiv:2406.03976. CMS-TOP-23-001.
                      CERN-EP-2024-137},
      pages        = {117801},
      year         = {2024},
      abstract     = {Entanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics
                      and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced
                      at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of
                      entanglement in top quark-antiquark
                      ($\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$) events produced in
                      proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13
                      TeV is performed with the data recorded by the CMS
                      experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, and corresponding to an
                      integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb$^{−1}$. The events are
                      selected based on the presence of two leptons with opposite
                      charges and high transverse momentum. An
                      entanglement-sensitive observable D is derived from the top
                      quark spin-dependent parts of the
                      $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$ production density matrix and
                      measured in the region of the $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$
                      production threshold. Values of $D \lt -1/3$ are evidence of
                      entanglement and D is observed (expected) to be
                      $-0.480^{+0.026}_{-0.029}$ ($-0.467^{+0.026}_{-0.029}$) at
                      the parton level. With an observed significance of 5.1
                      standard deviations with respect to the non-entangled
                      hypothesis, this provides observation of quantum mechanical
                      entanglement within $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$ pairs in
                      this phase space. This measurement provides a new probe of
                      quantum mechanics at the highest energies ever produced.},
      keywords     = {p p: colliding beams (INSPIRE) / top: pair production
                      (INSPIRE) / p p: scattering (INSPIRE) / spin: dependence
                      (INSPIRE) / quantum mechanics: entanglement (INSPIRE) /
                      threshold: production (INSPIRE) / entanglement: quantum
                      (INSPIRE) / Bell inequality (INSPIRE) / lepton: transverse
                      momentum (INSPIRE) / transverse momentum: high (INSPIRE) /
                      CERN LHC Coll (INSPIRE) / CMS (INSPIRE) / CERN Lab (INSPIRE)
                      / density matrix (INSPIRE) / lepton: pair production
                      (INSPIRE) / final state: ((n)jet dilepton) (INSPIRE) /
                      parton (INSPIRE) / quark antiquark (INSPIRE) / phase space
                      (INSPIRE) / experimental results (INSPIRE) / 13000 GeV-cms
                      (INSPIRE) / CMS (autogen) / top quark (autogen) /
                      entanglement (autogen)},
      cin          = {CMS},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CMS-20120731},
      pnm          = {611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) / DFG
                      project G:(GEPRIS)390833306 - EXC 2121: Quantum Universe
                      (390833306) / HIDSS-0002 - DASHH: Data Science in Hamburg -
                      Helmholtz Graduate School for the Structure of Matter
                      $(2019_IVF-HIDSS-0002)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-611 / G:(GEPRIS)390833306 /
                      $G:(DE-HGF)2019_IVF-HIDSS-0002$},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)LHC-Exp-CMS-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      eprint       = {2406.03976},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2406.03976},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2406.03976;\%\%$},
      pubmed       = {pmid:39315475},
      UT           = {WOS:001396128700001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1361-6633/ad7e4d},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/617767},
}