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@ARTICLE{Muchova:616885,
      author       = {Muchova, Eva and Gopakumar, Geethanjali and Unger, Isaak
                      and Oehrwall, Gunnar and Ceolin, Denis and Trinter, Florian
                      and Wilkinson, Iain and Chatzigeorgiou, E. and Slavicek,
                      Petr and Hergenhahn, Uwe and Winter, Bernd and Caleman, Carl
                      and Bjoerneholm, Olle},
      title        = {{A}ttosecond formation of charge-transfer-to-solvent states
                      of aqueous ions probed using the core-hole-clock technique},
      journal      = {Nature Communications},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2041-1723},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group UK},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2024-06566},
      pages        = {8903},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {Open Access},
      abstract     = {Charge transfer between molecules lies at the heart of many
                      chemical processes. Here, we focus on the ultrafast electron
                      dynamics associated with the formation of
                      charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) states following X-ray
                      absorption in aqueous solutions of Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+ ions.
                      To explore the formation of such states in the aqueous
                      phase, liquid-jet photoemission spectroscopy is employed.
                      Using the core-hole-clock method, based on Auger–Meitner
                      (AM) decay upon 1s excitation or ionization of the
                      respective ions, upper limits are estimated for the
                      metal-atom electron delocalization times to the neighboring
                      water molecules. These delocalization processes represent
                      the first steps in the formation of hydrated electrons,
                      which are determined to take place on a timescale ranging
                      from several hundred attoseconds (as) below the 1s
                      ionization threshold to only 20 as far above the 1s
                      ionization threshold. The decrease in the delocalization
                      times as a function of the photon energy is continuous. This
                      indicates that the excited electrons remain in the vicinity
                      of the studied ions even above the ionization threshold,
                      i.e., metal-ion electronic resonances associated with the
                      CTTS state manifolds are formed. The three studied
                      isoelectronic ions exhibit quantitative differences in their
                      electron energetics and delocalization times, which are
                      linked to the character of the respective excited states.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User / FS-PETRA-S},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731 /
                      I:(DE-H253)FS-PETRA-S-20210408},
      pnm          = {631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control
                      (POF4-631) / 6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) /
                      FS-Proposal: I-20190339 (I-20190339) / AQUACHIRAL - Chiral
                      aqueous-phase chemistry (883759) / DFG project
                      G:(GEPRIS)509471550 - Dynamik photoionisations-induzierter
                      Prozesse in laser-präparierten Molekülen in der Gasphase
                      und der wässrigen Phase (509471550)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-631 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3 /
                      G:(DE-H253)I-20190339 / G:(EU-Grant)883759 /
                      G:(GEPRIS)509471550},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P04-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:39406706},
      UT           = {WOS:001337260300003},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41467-024-52740-5},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/616885},
}