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@ARTICLE{Collaboration:612173,
      key          = {612173},
      collaboration = {{CMS Collaboration}},
      title        = {{O}bservation of quantum entanglement in top quark pair
                      production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13
                      {T}e{V}},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2024-05186, arXiv:2406.03976. CMS-TOP-23-001.
                      CERN-EP-2024-137},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {Die Autorenliste wurde beim Inspire-Import nicht
                      übermittelt! Auch nicht über arXiv!},
      abstract     = {Entanglement is an intrinsic property of quantum mechanics
                      and is predicted to be exhibited in the particles produced
                      at the Large Hadron Collider. A measurement of the extent of
                      entanglement in top quark-antiquark ($\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$)
                      events produced in proton-proton collisions at a
                      center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is performed with the data
                      recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016, and
                      corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb$^{-1}$.
                      The events are selected based on the presence of two leptons
                      with opposite charges and high transverse momentum. An
                      entanglement-sensitive observable $D$ is derived from the
                      top quark spin-dependent parts of the $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$
                      production density matrix and measured in the region of the
                      $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ production threshold. Values of
                      $D\lt-$1/3 are evidence of entanglement and $D$ is observed
                      (expected) to be $-$0.480$^{+0.026}_{-0.029}$
                      ($-$0.467$^{+0.026}_{-0.029}$) at the parton level. With an
                      observed significance of 5.1 standard deviations with
                      respect to the non-entangled hypothesis, this provides
                      observation of quantum mechanical entanglement within
                      $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ pairs in this phase space. This
                      measurement provides a new probe of quantum mechanics at the
                      highest energies ever produced.},
      keywords     = {p p: colliding beams (INSPIRE) / top: pair production
                      (INSPIRE) / p p: scattering (INSPIRE) / spin: dependence
                      (INSPIRE) / quantum mechanics: entanglement (INSPIRE) /
                      threshold: production (INSPIRE) / entanglement: quantum
                      (INSPIRE) / Bell inequality (INSPIRE) / lepton: transverse
                      momentum (INSPIRE) / transverse momentum: high (INSPIRE) /
                      CERN LHC Coll (INSPIRE) / CMS (INSPIRE) / CERN Lab (INSPIRE)
                      / density matrix (INSPIRE) / lepton: pair production
                      (INSPIRE) / final state: ((n)jet dilepton) (INSPIRE) /
                      parton (INSPIRE) / quark antiquark (INSPIRE) / phase space
                      (INSPIRE) / experimental results (INSPIRE) / 13000 GeV-cms
                      (INSPIRE)},
      cin          = {CMS},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)CMS-20120731},
      pnm          = {611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611) / DFG
                      project 390833306 - EXC 2121: Quantum Universe (390833306) /
                      GRK 2497 - GRK 2497: Physik der schwersten Teilchen am Large
                      Hadron Collider (400140256)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-611 / G:(GEPRIS)390833306 /
                      G:(GEPRIS)400140256},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)LHC-Exp-CMS-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      eprint       = {2406.03976},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2406.03976},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2406.03976;\%\%$},
      doi          = {10.3204/PUBDB-2024-05186},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/612173},
}