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000610878 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aYing, Jianwei$$b0
000610878 245__ $$aHigh gradient terahertz-driven ultrafast photogun
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000610878 520__ $$aTerahertz (THz)-based electron acceleration has potential as a technology for next-generation cost-efficient compact electron sources. Although proof-of-principle demonstrations have proved the feasibility of many THz-driven accelerator components, THz-driven photoguns with sufficient brightness, energy and control for use in demanding ultrafast applications have yet to be achieved. Here we present a novel millimetre-scale multicell waveguide-based THz-driven photogun that exploits field enhancement to boost the electron energy, a movable cathode to achieve precise control over the accelerating phase as well as multiple cells for exquisite beam control. The short driving wavelength enables a peak acceleration gradient as high as ~3 GV m−1. Using microjoule-level single-cycle THz pulses, we demonstrate electron beams with up to ~14 keV electron energy, 1% energy spread and ~0.015 mm mrad transverse emittance. With a highly integrated rebunching cell, the bunch is further compressed by about ten times to 167 fs with ~10 fC charge. High-quality diffraction patterns of single-crystal silicon and projection microscopy images of the copper mesh are achieved. We are able to reveal the transient radial electric field developed from the charged particles on a copper mesh after photoexcitation with high spatio-temporal resolution, providing a potential scheme for plasma-based beam manipulation. Overall, these results represent a new record in energy, field gradient, beam quality and control for a THz-driven electron gun, enabling real applications in electron projection microscopy and diffraction. This is therefore a critical step and milestone in the development of all-optical THz-driven electron devices, validating the maturity of the technology and its use in precision applications.
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000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHe, Xie$$b1
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSu, Dace$$b2
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aZheng, Lingbin$$b3
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1028053$$aKroh, Tobias$$b4
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1007947$$aRohwer, Timm$$b5$$udesy
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1019055$$aFakhari, Moein$$b6
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1016255$$aKassier, Günther H.$$b7
000610878 7001_ $$00000-0002-0266-4412$$aMa, Jingui$$b8
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aYuan, Peng$$b9
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1026174$$aMatlis, Nicholas H.$$b10
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1013198$$aKärtner, Franz X.$$b11$$eCorresponding author
000610878 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1011712$$aZhang, Dongfang$$b12$$eCorresponding author
000610878 77318 $$2Crossref$$3journal-article$$a10.1038/s41566-024-01441-y$$bSpringer Science and Business Media LLC$$d2024-05-14$$n7$$p758-765$$tNature Photonics$$v18$$x1749-4885$$y2024
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000610878 8564_ $$uhttps://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/610878/files/NPHOT-2022-06-00861_THz-driven%20fs%20photogun%20submission.pdf$$yPublished on 2024-07-22. Available in OpenAccess from 2025-01-22.
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