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@ARTICLE{Natochii:599761,
      author       = {Natochii, Andrii and Browder, T. E. and Cao, L. and
                      Cautero, G. and Dreyer, S. and Frey, A. and Gabrielli, A.
                      and Giuressi, D. and Ishibashi, T. and Jin, Y. and Kojima,
                      K. and Kraetzschmar, T. and Lanceri, L. and Liptak, Z. and
                      Liventsev, D. and Marinas, C. and Massaccesi, L. and
                      Matsuoka, K. and Meier, F. and Miller, C. and Nakayama, H.
                      and Niebuhr, C. and Novosel, A. and Parham, K. and Popov, I.
                      and Rizzo, G. and Roney, J. M. and Ryu, S. Y. and Santelj,
                      L. and Schneider, S. and Schueler, J. and Schwenker, B. and
                      Shi, X. D. and Simon, F. and Stefkova, S. and Takahashi, M.
                      and Tanigawa, H. and Taniguchi, N. and Terui, S. and Vahsen,
                      S. E. and Vitale, L. and Vossen, A. and Wang, Z. and
                      Wiechczynski, J. and Windel, H. and Yoshihara, K.},
      title        = {{M}easured and projected beam backgrounds in the {B}elle
                      {II} experiment at the {S}uper{KEKB} collider},
      journal      = {Nuclear instruments $\&$ methods in physics research /
                      Section A},
      volume       = {1055},
      issn         = {0167-5087},
      address      = {Amsterdam},
      publisher    = {North-Holland Publ. Co.},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2023-07487, arXiv:2302.01566},
      pages        = {168550},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {28 pages, 17 figures, 9 tables (revised)},
      abstract     = {The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB
                      electron–positron collider aims to collect an
                      unprecedented data set of 50 ab$^{-1}$ to study CP-violation
                      in the B-meson system and to search for Physics beyond the
                      Standard Model. SuperKEKB is already the world’s
                      highest-luminosity collider. In order to collect the planned
                      data set within approximately one decade, the target is to
                      reach a peak luminosity of 6 x 10$^{35}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$
                      by further increasing the beam currents and reducing the
                      beam size at the interaction point by squeezing the betatron
                      function down to $\beta^{*}_y$ = 0.3 mm. To ensure detector
                      longevity and maintain good reconstruction performance, beam
                      backgrounds must remain well controlled. We report on
                      current background rates in Belle II and compare these
                      against simulation. We find that a number of recent
                      refinements have significantly improved the background
                      simulation accuracy. Finally, we estimate the safety margins
                      going forward. We predict that backgrounds should remain
                      high but acceptable until a luminosity of at least 2.8 x
                      10$^{35}$ cm$^{−2}$ s$^{−1}$ is reached for
                      $\beta^{*}_y$ = 0.6 mm. At this point, the most vulnerable
                      Belle II detectors, the Time-of-Propagation (TOP) particle
                      identification system and the Central Drift Chamber (CDC),
                      have predicted background hit rates from single-beam and
                      luminosity backgrounds that add up to approximately half of
                      the maximum acceptable rates.},
      keywords     = {electron positron: annihilation (INSPIRE) / electron
                      positron: colliding beams (INSPIRE) / beam: background
                      (INSPIRE) / vertex: primary (INSPIRE) / beam: size (INSPIRE)
                      / BELLE (INSPIRE) / KEK-B (INSPIRE) / new physics: search
                      for (INSPIRE) / CP: violation (INSPIRE) / particle
                      identification (INSPIRE) / drift chamber (INSPIRE) / safety
                      (INSPIRE) / performance (INSPIRE) / betatron (INSPIRE) /
                      experimental results (INSPIRE) / Detector background
                      (autogen) / Lepton collider (autogen) / Monte-Carlo
                      simulation (autogen)},
      cin          = {BELLE / DOOR ; HAS-User},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)BELLE-20210408 / I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731},
      pnm          = {611 - Fundamental Particles and Forces (POF4-611)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-611},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)BELLE-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      eprint       = {2302.01566},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2302.01566},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2302.01566;\%\%$},
      UT           = {WOS:001056103200001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nima.2023.168550},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/599761},
}