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@ARTICLE{Tak:599254,
      author       = {Tak, Donggeun and Uhm, Z. Lucas and Racusin, Judith and
                      Zhang, Bing and Guiriec, Sylvain and Kocevski, Daniel and
                      Zhang, Bin-Bin and McEnery, Julie},
      title        = {{T}emporal and {S}pectral {E}volution of {G}amma-{R}ay
                      {B}urst {B}road {P}ulses: {I}dentification of
                      {H}igh-latitude {E}mission in the {P}rompt {E}mission},
      journal      = {The astrophysical journal / Part 1},
      volume       = {949},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {0004-637X},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Institute of Physics Publ.},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2023-07261, arXiv:2212.07095},
      pages        = {110},
      year         = {2023},
      note         = {30 pages, 36 figures, accepted to ApJ},
      abstract     = {We perform a detailed analysis of broad pulses in bright
                      gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to understand the evolution of GRB
                      broad pulses. Using the temporal and spectral properties, we
                      test the high-latitude emission (HLE) scenario in the
                      decaying phase of broad pulses. The HLE originates from the
                      curvature effect of a relativistic spherical jet, where
                      higher-latitude photons are delayed and softer than the
                      observer's line-of-sight emission. The signature of HLE has
                      not yet been identified undisputedly during the prompt
                      emission of GRBs. The HLE theory predicts a specific
                      relation, $F_v$,${_E}_p$∝$E^{2}_{p}$, between the peak
                      energy $E_p$ in $νF_ν$ spectra and the spectral flux
                      $F_ν$ measured at $E_p$. . We search for evidence of this
                      relation in 2157 GRBs detected by the Gamma-ray Burst
                      Monitor on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope from
                      2008 to 2017. After imposing unbiased selection criteria in
                      order to minimize contamination in a signal by background
                      and overlaps of pulses, we build a sample of 32 broad pulses
                      in 32 GRBs. We perform a time-resolved spectral analysis on
                      each of these 32 broad pulses and find that the evolution of
                      18 pulses (56\%) is clearly consistent with the HLE
                      relation. For the 18 broad pulses, the exponent δ in the
                      relation of $F_v$,${_E}_p$∝$E^{\delta}_{p}$ is distributed
                      as a Gaussian function with a median and width of 1.99 and
                      0.34, respectively. This result provides a constraint on the
                      emission radius of GRBs with the HLE signature.},
      cin          = {$Z_VER$},
      ddc          = {520},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-H253)Z_VER-20210408$},
      pnm          = {613 - Matter and Radiation from the Universe (POF4-613)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-613},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)VERITAS-20170101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      eprint       = {2212.07095},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2212.07095},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2212.07095;\%\%$},
      UT           = {WOS:001000536000001},
      doi          = {10.3847/1538-4357/acc581},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/599254},
}