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@ARTICLE{Acciari:599004,
author = {Acciari, V. A. and Aniello, T. and Ansoldi, S. and
Antonelli, L. A. and Engels, A. Arbet and Arcaro, C. and
Artero, M. and Asano, K. and Baack, D. and Babić, A. and
Baquero, A. and de Almeida, U. Barres and Barrio, J. A. and
Batković, I. and González, J. Becerra and Bednarek, W. and
Bernardini, E. and Bernardos, M. and Berti, A. and
Besenrieder, J. and Bhattacharyya, W. and Bigongiari, C. and
Biland, A. and Blanch, O. and Bökenkamp, H. and Bonnoli, G.
and Bošnjak, Ž. and Burelli, I. and Busetto, G. and
Carosi, R. and Carretero-Castrillo, M. and Ceribella, G. and
Chai, Y. and Chilingarian, A. and Cikota, S. and Colombo, E.
and Contreras, J. L. and Cortina, J. and Covino, S. and
D'Amico, G. and D'Elia, V. and Da Vela, P. and Dazzi, F. and
De Angelis, A. and De Lotto, B. and Del Popolo, A. and
Delfino, M. and Delgado, J. and Mendez, C. Delgado and
Depaoli, D. and Di Pierro, F. and Di Venere, L. and
Espiñeira, E. Do Souto and Dominis Prester, D. and Donini,
A. and Dorner, D. and Doro, M. and Elsaesser, D. and Emery,
G. and Fallah Ramazani, V. and Fariña, L. and Fattorini, A.
and Font, L. and Fruck, C. and Fukami, S. and Fukazawa, Y.
and López, R. J. García and Garczarczyk, M. and Gasparyan,
S. and Gaug, M. and Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht and Giglietto,
N. and Giordano, F. and Gliwny, P. and Godinović, N. and
Green, J. G. and Green, D. and Hadasch, D. and Hahn, A. and
Hassan, T. and Heckmann, L. and Herrera, J. and Hrupec, D.
and Hütten, M. and Inada, T. and Iotov, R. and Ishio, K.
and Iwamura, Y. and Martínez, I. Jiménez and Jormanainen,
J. and Kerszberg, D. and Kobayashi, Y. and Kubo, H. and
Kushida, J. and Lamastra, A. and Lelas, D. and Leone, F. and
Lindfors, E. and Linhoff, L. and Lombardi, S. and Longo, F.
and López-Coto, R. and López-Moya, M. and López-Oramas,
A. and Loporchio, S. and Lorini, A. and Lyard, E. and Fraga,
B. Machado de Oliveira and Majumdar, P. and Makariev, M. and
Maneva, G. and Manganaro, M. and Mangano, S. and Mannheim,
K. and Mariotti, M. and Martínez, M. and Aguilar, A. Mas
and Mazin, D. and Menchiari, S. and Mender, S. and
Mićanović, S. and Miceli, D. and Miener, T. and Miranda,
J. M. and Mirzoyan, R. and Molina, E. and Mondal, H. A. and
Moralejo, A. and Morcuende, D. and Moreno, V. and Nakamori,
T. and Nanci, C. and Nava, L. and Neustroev, V. and Nievas
Rosillo, M. and Nigro, C. and Nilsson, K. and Nishijima, K.
and Ekoume, T. Njoh and Noda, K. and Nozaki, S. and Ohtani,
Y. and Oka, T. and Otero-Santos, J. and Paiano, S. and
Palatiello, M. and Paneque, D. and Paoletti, R. and Paredes,
J. M. and Pavletić, L. and Persic, M. and Pihet, M. and
Podobnik, F. and Prada Moroni, P. G. and Prandini, E. and
Principe, G. and Priyadarshi, C. and Puljak, I. and Rhode,
W. and Ribó, M. and Rico, J. and Righi, C. and Rugliancich,
A. and Sahakyan, N. and Saito, T. and Sakurai, S. and
Satalecka, K. and Saturni, F. G. and Schleicher, B. and
Schmidt, K. and Schmuckermaier, F. and Schubert, J. L. and
Schweizer, T. and Sitarek, J. and Sliusar, V. and
Sobczynska, D. and Spolon, A. and Stamerra, A. and
Strišković, J. and Strom, D. and Strzys, M. and Suda, Y.
and Surić, T. and Takahashi, M. and Takeishi, R. and
Tavecchio, F. and Temnikov, P. and Terzić, T. and Teshima,
M. and Tosti, L. and Truzzi, S. and Tutone, A. and Ubach, S.
and van Scherpenberg, J. and Vanzo, G. and Vazquez Acosta,
M. and Ventura, S. and Verguilov, V. and Viale, I. and
Vigorito, C. F. and Vitale, V. and Vovk, I. and Walter, R.
and Will, M. and Wunderlich, C. and Yamamoto, T. and Zarić,
D. and Acosta-Pulido, J. A. and D'Ammando, F. and Hovatta,
T. and Kiehlmann, S. and Liodakis, I. and Leto, C. and
Max-Moerbeck, W. and Pacciani, L. and Perri, M. and
Readhead, A. C. S. and Reeves, R. A. and Verrecchia, F.},
collaboration = {{MAGIC Collaboration}},
title = {{L}ong-term multi-wavelength study of 1{ES} 0647+250},
journal = {Astronomy and astrophysics},
volume = {670},
issn = {0004-6361},
address = {Les Ulis},
publisher = {EDP Sciences},
reportid = {PUBDB-2023-07088, arXiv:2211.13268},
pages = {A49},
year = {2023},
note = {$A\&A$ 670, A49 (2023). 20 pages, 7 figures. Accepted in
$A\&A.$ Corresponding authors: Jorge Otero-Santos; Daniel
Morcuende; Vandad Fallah Ramazani; Daniela Dorner; David
Paneque (mailto: contact.magic@mpp.mpg.de)},
abstract = {The BL Lac object 1ES 0647+250 is one of the few distant
$\gamma$-ray emitting blazars detected at very high energies
(VHE, $\gtrsim$100 GeV) during a non-flaring state. It was
detected with the MAGIC telescopes during its low activity
in the years 2009-2011, as well as during three flaring
activities in the years 2014, 2019 and 2020, with the
highest VHE flux in the latter epoch. An extensive
multi-instrument data set was collected within several
coordinated observing campaigns throughout these years. We
aim to characterise the long-term multi-band flux
variability of 1ES 0647+250, as well as its broadband
spectral energy distribution (SED) during four distinct
activity states selected in four different epochs, in order
to constrain the physical parameters of the blazar emission
region under certain assumptions. We evaluate the
variability and correlation of the emission in the different
energy bands with the fractional variability and the
Z-transformed Discrete Correlation Function, as well as its
spectral evolution in X-rays and $\gamma$ rays. Owing to the
controversy in the redshift measurements of 1ES 0647+250
reported in the literature, we also estimate its distance in
an indirect manner through the comparison of the GeV and TeV
spectra from simultaneous observations with Fermi-LAT and
MAGIC during the strongest flaring activity detected to
date. Moreover, we interpret the SEDs from the four distinct
activity states within the framework of one-component and
two-component leptonic models, proposing specific scenarios
that are able to reproduce the available multi-instrument
data.},
keywords = {blazar: emission (INSPIRE) / model: leptonic (INSPIRE) /
spectral (INSPIRE) / MAGIC (INSPIRE) / GeV (INSPIRE) / flux
(INSPIRE) / redshift (INSPIRE) / gamma ray: VHE (INSPIRE) /
gamma ray: energy spectrum (INSPIRE) / correlation function
(INSPIRE) / correlation (INSPIRE) / TeV (INSPIRE) / GLAST
(INSPIRE) / fractional (INSPIRE) / X-ray (INSPIRE)},
cin = {$Z_CTAS$ / $Z_MAGIC$},
ddc = {520},
cid = {$I:(DE-H253)Z_CTAS-20210408$ /
$I:(DE-H253)Z_MAGIC-20210408$},
pnm = {613 - Matter and Radiation from the Universe (POF4-613)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-613},
experiment = {EXP:(DE-H253)CTA-20150101 / EXP:(DE-H253)MAGIC-20170101},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
eprint = {2211.13268},
howpublished = {arXiv:2211.13268},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2211.13268;\%\%$},
UT = {WOS:001006118000002},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/202244477},
url = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/599004},
}
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