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@ARTICLE{Diez:598133,
      author       = {Diez, Michael and Kirchberg, Henning and Galler, Andreas
                      and Schulz, Sebastian and Biednov, Mykola and Bömer,
                      Christina and Choi, Tae-Kyu and Rodriguez-Fernandez, Angel
                      and Gawelda, Wojciech and Khakhulin, Dmitry and Kubicek,
                      Katharina and Lima, Frederico and Otte, Florian and Zalden,
                      Peter and Coffee, Ryan and Thorwart, Michael and Bressler,
                      Christian},
      title        = {{A} sensitive high repetition rate arrival time monitor for
                      {X}-ray free electron lasers},
      journal      = {Nature Communications},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2041-1723},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Nature Publishing Group UK},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2023-06744},
      pages        = {2495},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {X-ray free-electron laser sources enable time-resolved
                      X-ray studies with unmatched temporal resolution. To fully
                      exploit ultrashort X-ray pulses, timing tools are essential.
                      However, new high repetition rate X-ray facilities present
                      challenges for currently used timing tool schemes. Here we
                      address this issue by demonstrating a sensitive timing tool
                      scheme to enhance experimental time resolution in pump-probe
                      experiments at very high pulse repetition rates. Our method
                      employs a self-referenced detection scheme using a
                      time-sheared chirped optical pulse traversing an X-ray
                      stimulated diamond plate. By formulating an effective medium
                      theory, we confirm subtle refractive index changes, induced
                      by sub-milli-Joule intense X-ray pulses, that are measured
                      in our experiment. The system utilizes a
                      Common-Path-Interferometer to detect X-ray-induced phase
                      shifts of the optical probe pulse transmitted through the
                      diamond sample. Owing to the thermal stability of diamond,
                      our approach is well-suited for MHz pulse repetition rates
                      in superconducting linear accelerator-based free-electron
                      lasers.},
      cin          = {FS-PS / $XFEL_DO_XO$ / $XFEL_E1_FXE$ / $XFEL_E1_MID$ /
                      CFEL-AO / $XFEL_SF_ALO$ / DOOR ; HAS-User},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)FS-PS-20131107 /
                      $I:(DE-H253)XFEL_DO_XO-20210408$ /
                      $I:(DE-H253)XFEL_E1_FXE-20210408$ /
                      $I:(DE-H253)XFEL_E1_MID-20210408$ /
                      I:(DE-H253)CFEL-AO-20160914 /
                      $I:(DE-H253)XFEL_SF_ALO-20210408$ /
                      I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731},
      pnm          = {631 - Matter – Dynamics, Mechanisms and Control
                      (POF4-631) / DFG project 390715994 - EXC 2056: CUI: Advanced
                      Imaging of Matter (390715994) / DFG project 194651731 - EXC
                      1074: Hamburger Zentrum für ultraschnelle Beobachtung
                      (CUI): Struktur, Dynamik und Kontrolle von Materie auf
                      atomarer Skala (194651731)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-631 / G:(GEPRIS)390715994 /
                      G:(GEPRIS)194651731},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)XFEL-SASE1-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {37120432},
      UT           = {WOS:001022903400027},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41467-023-38143-y},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/598133},
}