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@ARTICLE{Hummel:587140,
      author       = {Hummel, M. and Hagenlocher, C. and Haeusler, A. and
                      Hollatz, S. and Lind, J. and Olowinsky, A. and Gillner, A.
                      and Beckmann, F. and Moosmann, J. and Weber, R. and Graf, T.
                      and Häfner, C.},
      title        = {{A}nalysis on the influence of vapor capillary aspect ratio
                      on pore formation in laser beam welding of aluminum},
      journal      = {Journal of materials processing technology},
      volume       = {312},
      issn         = {0924-0136},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2023-04166},
      pages        = {117862},
      year         = {2023},
      abstract     = {Laser welds of electrical components made of highly
                      conductive and light weight aluminum material are essential
                      for the successful transformation of the energy and mobility
                      sector towards renewable energy solutions. To generate a
                      deeper understanding of this important laser welding process
                      and to evaluate process dynamics, it is inevitable to use
                      modern in situ analysis methods. In this work, in situ
                      phase-contrast high-speed videography using synchrotron
                      radiation is used for the first time to analyse the
                      behaviour of different aspect ratios of the vapor capillary
                      (capillary depth/focal diameter) on the stability and thus
                      the porosity of laser welds. The phase contrast method
                      reveals the phase boundaries between solid, liquid, and
                      gaseous material phases and allows the quantitative analysis
                      of the capillary depth and the porosity for different laser
                      parameters and focal diameters. The study is based on the
                      hypothesis that vapor capillaries with high aspect ratio are
                      less influenced by the variation in the degree of energy
                      coupling of the laser radiation, allowing a more stable
                      process without the formation of pores. As result of the
                      investigations, the welding processes with high aspect
                      ratios show no formation of pores and thus higher capillary
                      stability. A value for the aspect ratio of about 10 is
                      identified as a geometric limit, above which pore formation
                      in the processes no longer occurs. The findings are used to
                      derive advice for a quality-specific process design in laser
                      manufacturing processes of metallic materials.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User / Hereon},
      ddc          = {670},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731 / I:(DE-H253)Hereon-20210428},
      pnm          = {6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) / FS-Proposal:
                      BAG-20211050 (BAG-20211050) / SFB 1120 A01 - Steuerung von
                      Geometrie und Metallurgie beim Laserstrahl-Mikroschweißen
                      durch Beeinflussung der Schmelzbaddynamik über örtlich und
                      zeitlich angepassten Energieeintrag (A01) (260036706)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3 / G:(DE-H253)BAG-20211050 /
                      G:(GEPRIS)260036706},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)P-P07-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000991162000001},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2023.117862},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/587140},
}