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@ARTICLE{Vinatier:587057,
      author       = {Vinatier, Thomas and Assmann, Ralph and Bruni, Christelle
                      and Burkart, Florian and Dinter, Hannes and Jaster-Merz,
                      Sonja Meike and Kellermeier, Max and Kuropka, Willi and
                      Mayet, Frank and Stacey, Blae},
      title        = {{C}haracterization of relativistic electron bunch duration
                      and traveling wave structure phase velocity based on
                      momentum spectra measurements},
      journal      = {Physical review accelerators and beams},
      volume       = {27},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {2469-9888},
      address      = {College Park, MD},
      publisher    = {American Physical Society},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2023-04125},
      pages        = {022801},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {The title is different from the initial entry due to a
                      request from the journal},
      abstract     = {The ARES linac at DESY aims to generate and characterize
                      ultrashort electron bunches (fs to sub-fs duration) with
                      high momentum and arrival time stability for the purpose of
                      applications related to accelerator $R\&D,$ e.g. development
                      of advanced and compact diagnostics and accelerating
                      structures, test of new accelerator components, medical
                      applications studies, machine learning, etc. During its
                      commissioning phase, the bunch duration characterization of
                      the electron bunches generated at ARES has been performed
                      with an RF-phasing technique relying on momentum spectra
                      measurements, using only common accelerator elements (RF
                      accelerating structures and magnetic spectrometers). The
                      sensitivity of the method allowed highlighting different
                      response times for Mo and Cs$_{2}$Te cathodes. The measured
                      electron bunch duration in a wide range of machine
                      parameters shows excellent agreement overall with the
                      simulation predictions, thus demonstrating a very good
                      understanding of the ARES operation on the bunch duration
                      aspect. The importance of a precise in-situ experimental
                      determination of the phase velocity of the first travelling
                      wave accelerating structure after the electron source, for
                      which we propose a simple new beam-based method precise down
                      to a variation of one part per ten thousand respective to
                      the speed of light in vacuum, is emphasized for this
                      purpose. A minimum bunch duration of 20 fs rms,
                      resolution-limited by the space charge forces, is reported.
                      This is, to the best of our knowledge, around 4 times
                      shorter than what has been previously experimentally
                      demonstrated based on RF-phasing techniques with a single RF
                      structure. The present study constitutes a strong basis for
                      future time characterization down to the sub-fs level at
                      ARES, using dedicated X-band transverse deflecting
                      structures.},
      cin          = {MPY1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)MPY1-20170908},
      pnm          = {621 - Accelerator Research and Development (POF4-621) /
                      TWAC - THz Wave Accelerating Cavity for ultrafast science
                      (101046504)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-621 / G:(EU-Grant)101046504},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)ARES-20200101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:001170743200001},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.27.022801},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/587057},
}