000586748 001__ 586748 000586748 005__ 20250715173357.0 000586748 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1093/mnras/stad1635 000586748 0247_ $$2INSPIRETeX$$aAnderson:2022qrc 000586748 0247_ $$2inspire$$ainspire:2513184 000586748 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0035-8711 000586748 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1365-2966 000586748 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1365-8711 000586748 0247_ $$2arXiv$$aarXiv:2211.11212 000586748 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:138741879 000586748 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:001023895800008 000586748 0247_ $$2openalex$$aopenalex:W4309801644 000586748 037__ $$aPUBDB-2023-03986 000586748 041__ $$aEnglish 000586748 082__ $$a520 000586748 088__ $$2arXiv$$aarXiv:2211.11212 000586748 088__ $$2arXiv$$aarXiv:2211.11212 000586748 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAnderson, Gemma$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000586748 245__ $$aRapid radio brightening of GRB 210702A 000586748 260__ $$aOxford$$bOxford Univ. Press$$c2023 000586748 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000586748 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000586748 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1692956979_1655314 000586748 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000586748 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000586748 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000586748 500__ $$aSubmitted to MNRAS 13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables Waiting for fulltext 000586748 520__ $$aWe observed the rapid radio brightening of GRB 210702A with the Australian Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) just 11hr post-burst, tracking early-time radio variability over a 5hr period on ~15min timescales at 9.0, 16.7, and 21.2GHz. A broken power-law fit to the 9.0GHz light curve showed that the 5hr flare peaked at a flux density of 0.4+/-0.1mJy at ~13hr post-burst with a steep rise and decline. The observed temporal and spectral evolution are not expected in the standard internal-external shock model, where forward and reverse shock radio emission evolves on much longer timescales. The early-time (<1day) optical and X-ray light curves from the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory demonstrated typical afterglow forward shock behaviour, allowing us to use blast wave physics to determine a likely homogeneous circumburst medium and an emitting electron population power-law index of p=2.9+/-0.1. We suggest the early-time radio flare is likely due to weak interstellar scintillation (ISS), which boosted the radio afterglow emission above the ATCA sensitivity limit on minute timescales. Using weak ISS relations, we were able to place an upper limit on the size of the blast wave of $\leq6 \times 10^{16}$cm in the plane of the sky, which is consistent with the theoretical forward shock size prediction of $8\times10^{16}$cm for GRB 210702A at ~13h post-burst. This represents the earliest ISS size constraint on a GRB blast wave to date, demonstrating the importance of rapid (<1day) radio follow-up of GRBs using several-hour integrations to capture the early afterglow evolution, and to track scintillation over a broad frequency range. 000586748 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF4-613$$a613 - Matter and Radiation from the Universe (POF4-613)$$cPOF4-613$$fPOF IV$$x0 000586748 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, INSPIRE, Journals: bib-pubdb1.desy.de 000586748 693__ $$0EXP:(DE-H253)HESS-20170101$$5EXP:(DE-H253)HESS-20170101$$eHigh Energy Stereoscopic System$$x0 000586748 7001_ $$aRussell, T. D.$$b1 000586748 7001_ $$aFausey, H. M.$$b2 000586748 7001_ $$avan der Horst, A. J.$$b3 000586748 7001_ $$aHancock, P. J.$$b4 000586748 7001_ $$aBahramian, A.$$b5 000586748 7001_ $$aBell, M. E.$$b6 000586748 7001_ $$aMiller-Jones, J. C. A.$$b7 000586748 7001_ $$aRowell, G.$$b8 000586748 7001_ $$aSammons, M. W.$$b9 000586748 7001_ $$aWijers, R. A. M. 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