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000491719 088__ $$2Other$$aEdinburgh 2022/08
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000491719 245__ $$aSnowmass 2021 whitepaper: Proton structure at the precision frontier
000491719 260__ $$aCracow$$bInst. of Physics, Jagellonian Univ.$$c2022
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000491719 500__ $$a75 pages, 25 figures, contribution to Snowmass 2021
000491719 520__ $$aAn overwhelming number of theoretical predictions for hadron colliders require parton distribution functions (PDFs), which are an important ingredient of theory infrastructure for the next generation of high-energy experiments. This whitepaper summarizes the status and future prospects for determination of high-precision PDFs applicable in a wide range of energies and experiments, in particular in precision tests of the Standard Model and in new physics searches at the high-luminosity Large Hadron Collider and Electron-Ion Collider. We discuss the envisioned advancements in experimental measurements, QCD theory, global analysis methodology, and computing that are necessary to bring unpolarized PDFs in the nucleon to the N2LO and N3LO accuracy in the QCD coupling strength. Special attention is given to the new tasks that emerge in the era of the precision PDF analysis, such as those focusing on the robust control of systematic factors both in experimental measurements and theoretical computations. Various synergies between experimental and theoretical studies of the hadron structure are explored, including opportunities for studying PDFs for nuclear and meson targets, PDFs with electroweak contributions or dependence on the transverse momentum, for incisive comparisons between phenomenological models for the PDFs and computations on discrete lattice, and for cross-fertilization with machine learning/AI approaches. [Submitted to the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021).]
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000491719 7001_ $$0N.Armesto.1$$aArmesto, N.$$b2
000491719 7001_ $$aBall, R. D.$$b3
000491719 7001_ $$aBertone, V.$$b4
000491719 7001_ $$0C.Bissolotti.1$$aBissolotti, C.$$b5
000491719 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1003764$$aBluemlein, J.$$b6
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000491719 7001_ $$0G.Bozzi.1$$aBozzi, G.$$b8
000491719 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1009265$$aBritzger, D.$$b9
000491719 7001_ $$aBuckley, A.$$b10
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000491719 7001_ $$0S.Cerci.1$$aCerci, S.$$b14
000491719 7001_ $$aChachamis, G.$$b15
000491719 7001_ $$aCooper-Sarkar, A. M.$$b16
000491719 7001_ $$0A.Courtoy.1$$aCourtoy, A.$$b17
000491719 7001_ $$aCridge, T.$$b18
000491719 7001_ $$0J.M.Cruz.Martinez.1$$aCruz-Martinez, J. M.$$b19
000491719 7001_ $$0F.Giuli.1$$aGiuli, F.$$b20
000491719 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1018254$$aGuzzi, M.$$b21
000491719 7001_ $$aGwenlan, C.$$b22
000491719 7001_ $$0L.A.Harland.Lang.1$$aHarland-Lang, L. A.$$b23
000491719 7001_ $$0F.Hekhorn.1$$aHekhorn, F.$$b24
000491719 7001_ $$0T.J.Hobbs.1$$aHobbs, T. J.$$b25
000491719 7001_ $$0S.Hoeche.1$$aHoeche, S.$$b26
000491719 7001_ $$aHuss, A.$$b27
000491719 7001_ $$0J.Huston.1$$aHuston, J.$$b28
000491719 7001_ $$0J.Jalilian.Marian.1$$aJalilian-Marian, J.$$b29
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000491719 7001_ $$aLin, H.-W.$$b33
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000491719 7001_ $$0P.M.Nadolsky.1$$aNadolsky, P. M.$$b38$$eCorresponding author
000491719 7001_ $$0E.R.Nocera.1$$aNocera, E. R.$$b39
000491719 7001_ $$aOlness, F. I.$$b40
000491719 7001_ $$0F.J.Petriello.1$$aPetriello, F.$$b41
000491719 7001_ $$0Joao.Pires.1$$aPires, J.$$b42
000491719 7001_ $$aRabbertz, K.$$b43
000491719 7001_ $$0J.Rojo.1$$aRojo, J.$$b44
000491719 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1007090$$aSchnell, G.$$b45
000491719 7001_ $$aSchwan, C.$$b46
000491719 7001_ $$0A.Siodmok.1$$aSiodmok, A.$$b47
000491719 7001_ $$0D.E.Soper.1$$aSoper, D. E.$$b48
000491719 7001_ $$aSutton, M.$$b49
000491719 7001_ $$0Robert.S.Thorne.1$$aThorne, R. S.$$b50
000491719 7001_ $$0M.Ubiali.1$$aUbiali, M.$$b51$$eCorresponding author
000491719 7001_ $$0G.Vita.1$$aVita, G.$$b52
000491719 7001_ $$aWeber, J. H.$$b53
000491719 7001_ $$0Ke.Ping.Xie.1$$aXie, K.$$b54
000491719 7001_ $$aYuan, C.-P.$$b55
000491719 7001_ $$aZhou, B.$$b56
000491719 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2028474-3$$a10.5506/APhysPolB.53.12-A1$$gVol. 53, no. 12, p. 1 -$$n12$$pA1 $$tActa physica Polonica / B$$v53$$x0587-4254$$y2022
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