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001     490197
005     20250715173520.0
024 7 _ |a 10.1103/PhysRevE.107.015205
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100 1 _ |a Cardoch, Sebastian
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245 _ _ |a Decreasing ultrafast X-ray pulse durations with saturable absorption and resonant transitions
260 _ _ |a Woodbury, NY
|c 2023
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520 _ _ |a Saturable absorption is a nonlinear effect where a material’s ability to absorb light is frustrated due to a high influx of photons and the creation of electron vacancies. Experimentally induced saturable absorption in copper revealed a reduction in the temporal duration of transmitted X-ray laser pulses, but a detailed account of changes in opacity and emergence of resonances is still missing. In this computational work, we employ non-local thermodynamic equilibrium plasma simulations to study the interaction of femtosecond X-rays and copper. Following the onset of frustrated absorption, we find that a K–M resonant transition occurring at highly charged states turns copper opaque again. The changes in absorption generate a transient transparent window responsible for the shortened transmission signal. We also propose using fluorescence induced by the incident beam as an alternative source to achieve shorter X-ray pulses. Intense femtosecond X-rays are valuable to probe the structure and dynamics of biological samples or to reach extreme states of matter. Shortened pulses could be relevant for emerging imaging techniques.
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700 1 _ |a Trost, Fabian
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700 1 _ |a Scott, Howard
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700 1 _ |a Chapman, Henry N.
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700 1 _ |a Caleman, Carl
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700 1 _ |a Timneanu, Nicusor
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773 _ _ |a 10.1103/PhysRevE.107.015205
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