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@ARTICLE{Amano:486701,
      author       = {Amano, Takanobu and Matsumoto, Yosuke and Bohdan, Artem and
                      Kobzar, Oleh and Matsukiyo, Shuichi and Oka, Mitsuo and
                      Niemiec, Jacek and Pohl, Martin and Hoshino, Masahiro},
      title        = {{N}onthermal electron acceleration at collisionless
                      quasi-perpendicular shocks},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2022-07421, arXiv:2209.03521},
      year         = {2022},
      note         = {To appear in Reviews of Modern Plasma Physics as an invited
                      review},
      abstract     = {Shock waves propagating in collisionless heliospheric and
                      astrophysical plasmas have been studied extensively over the
                      decades. One prime motivation is to understand the
                      nonthermal particle acceleration at shocks. Although the
                      theory of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) has long been
                      the standard for cosmic-ray acceleration at shocks, plasma
                      physical understanding of particle acceleration remains
                      elusive. In this review, we discuss nonthermal electron
                      acceleration mechanisms at quasi-perpendicular shocks, for
                      which substantial progress has been made in recent years.
                      The discussion presented in this review is restricted to the
                      following three specific topics: The first is stochastic
                      shock drift acceleration (SSDA), which is a relatively new
                      mechanism for electron injection into DSA. The basic
                      mechanism, related in-situ observations and kinetic
                      simulations results, and how it is connected with DSA will
                      be discussed. Second, we discuss shock surfing acceleration
                      (SSA) at very high Mach number shocks relevant to young
                      supernova remnants (SNRs). While the original proposal under
                      the one-dimensional assumption is unrealistic, SSA has now
                      been proven efficient by a fully three-dimensional kinetic
                      simulation. We discuss the multidimensional nature of SSA
                      and its role in electron injection. Finally, we discuss the
                      current understanding of the magnetized Weibel-dominated
                      shock. It is essentially a magnetized shock in which the
                      reflected-gyrating ions dominate the formation of the shock
                      structure but with a substantial magnetic field
                      amplification by the ion-Weibel instability. Spontaneous
                      magnetic reconnection of self-generated current sheets
                      within the shock structure is an interesting consequence of
                      Weibel-generated strong magnetic turbulence. Although the
                      exact condition for active magnetic reconnection has not
                      been clarified, we argue that high Mach number shocks with
                      both Alfvén and sound Mach numbers exceeding 20–40 will
                      likely behave as a Weibel-dominated shock. Despite a number
                      of interesting recent findings, the relative roles of SSDA,
                      SSA, and magnetic reconnection for electron acceleration at
                      collisionless shocks and how the dominant particle
                      acceleration mechanisms change depending on shock parameters
                      remain to be answered.},
      keywords     = {Particle acceleration (autogen) / Cosmic rays (autogen) /
                      Collisionless shock (autogen) / Wave-particle interaction
                      (autogen) / Plasma waves (autogen)},
      cin          = {$Z_THAT$},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-H253)Z_THAT-20210408$},
      pnm          = {613 - Matter and Radiation from the Universe (POF4-613)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-613},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)NOSPEC-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)25},
      eprint       = {2209.03521},
      howpublished = {arXiv:2209.03521},
      archivePrefix = {arXiv},
      SLACcitation = {$\%\%CITATION$ = $arXiv:2209.03521;\%\%$},
      doi          = {10.3204/PUBDB-2022-07421},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/486701},
}