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@ARTICLE{Jacobse:474354,
      author       = {Jacobse, Leon and Vonk, Vedran and Mccrum, Ian and Seitz,
                      Christoph and Koper, Marc and Rost, Marcel and Stierle,
                      Andreas},
      title        = {{E}lectrochemical oxidation of {P}t(111) beyond the
                      place-exchange model},
      journal      = {Electrochimica acta},
      volume       = {407},
      issn         = {0013-4686},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PUBDB-2022-00712},
      pages        = {139881},
      year         = {2022},
      abstract     = {Oxide formation plays an important role in the degradation
                      of Pt electrocatalysts. However, the exact oxide structure
                      and reaction mechanism are not fully understood. Here, we
                      used in situ surface X-ray diffraction experiments to
                      resolve the oxide formation at a Pt(111) model electrode at
                      potentials near the onset of the oxygen evolution reaction.
                      Fast experiments are possible by using X-ray photons with a
                      high kinetic energy in combination with a large 2D detector.
                      By employing very low potential sweep rates we obtain a more
                      ordered oxidized surface compared to literature data from
                      potential step experiments. This demonstrates that the
                      oxidation process is strongly governed by the reaction
                      kinetics. The increased surface order enables us to
                      disentangle two subsequent oxidation process; initially the
                      place-exchange process, followed by the formation of a
                      partially disordered oxide in which still $50\%$ of the
                      surface atoms reside on sites commensurate to the Pt(111)
                      surface. The reduction experiments indicate that the
                      place-exchange process is structurally reversible, whereas
                      the disordered oxide causes the surface roughening observed
                      during potential cycling. Despite the increased surface
                      order, oxide superstructures are not observed. These results
                      provide important insights in the oxidation and degradation
                      process of Pt(111), which are valuable for the design of
                      improved electrocatalysts and they rationalize operating
                      procedures.},
      cin          = {DOOR ; HAS-User / FS-NL},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-H253)HAS-User-20120731 / I:(DE-H253)FS-NL-20120731},
      pnm          = {632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and Functional
                      Materials (POF4-632) / 6G3 - PETRA III (DESY) (POF4-6G3) /
                      NFFA-Europe - NANOSCIENCE FOUNDRIES AND FINE ANALYSIS -
                      EUROPE (654360) / $NFFA-Europe_supported$ - Technically
                      supported by Nanoscience Foundries and Fine Analysis Europe
                      $(2020_Join2-NFFA-Europe_funded)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G3 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)654360 /
                      $G:(DE-HGF)2020_Join2-NFFA-Europe_funded$},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-H253)Nanolab-05-20200101 /
                      EXP:(DE-H253)Nanolab-03-20150101 /
                      EXP:(DE-H253)P-P07-20150101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000794205200013},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139881},
      url          = {https://bib-pubdb1.desy.de/record/474354},
}