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000474239 1001_ $$00000-0001-8217-0836$$aSterpka, C.$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000474239 245__ $$aThe Spontaneous Nature of Lightning Initiation Revealed
000474239 260__ $$aHoboken, NJ$$bWiley$$c2021
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000474239 520__ $$aHere, we present new radio interferometer beamforming observations of lightning initiation using data from the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). We show that the first lightning source in the flash increases exponentially in intensity by two orders of magnitude in 15 μs, while propagating 88 m away from the initiation location at a constant speed of 4.8 ± 0.1 × 10$^6$ m/s. A second source replaces the first source at the initiation location, and subsequent propagation of the lightning leader follows. We interpret the first source to be a rapidly propagating and intensifying positive streamer discharge that subsequently produces a hot leader channel near the initiation point. How lightning initiates is one of the greatest unsolved problems in the atmospheric sciences, and these results shed light on this longstanding mystery. 
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000474239 7001_ $$00000-0002-3581-1503$$aDwyer, J.$$b1
000474239 7001_ $$aLiu, N.$$b2
000474239 7001_ $$00000-0001-5138-1235$$aHare, B. M.$$b3
000474239 7001_ $$aScholten, O.$$b4
000474239 7001_ $$aBuitink, S.$$b5
000474239 7001_ $$aVeen, S. ter$$b6
000474239 7001_ $$0P:(DE-H253)PIP1083021$$aNelles, A.$$b7$$udesy
000474239 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2021599-X$$a10.1029/2021GL095511$$gVol. 48, no. 23$$n23$$pGL095511$$tGeophysical research letters$$v48$$x0094-8276$$y2021
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